原发性肝细胞癌中p16蛋白的表达及其基因的缺失性研究

目的　研究原发性肝细胞癌中p16蛋白的表达及其基因的缺失情况，探讨p16基因与肝癌的关系。　方法　采用回顾性调查研究方法，收集我院原发性肝癌25例，用免疫组织化学SP法、聚合酶链反应（PCR）方法检测肝癌及癌旁组织中p16蛋白的表达及其基因的扩增情况。　结果25例肝癌中，p16蛋白阴性表达率为68%（17/25）,癌旁组织中p16蛋白阴性表达率为4%（1/25）。两者差异有显著意义(P<0.01)。p16蛋白的表达与肝癌分化程度关系密切(P<0.05)，而与癌灶体积、甲胎球蛋白（AFP）值的差异无显著意义(P>0.05)。p16基因在癌组织中的缺失率（28%，7/25）显著高于癌旁组织（4%，1/25）（P<0.05）。p16基因缺失与肝癌分化程度、癌灶体积、AFP值无关(P>0.05)。　结论　p16基因失活与肝癌发生关系密切。除了基因缺失之外，还有其他引起p16基因失活的因素存在。p16蛋白的检测可能是预测病人预后的一个指标，但尚需进一步证实。

A study on p16 protein expression and p16 gene deletion in primary hepatocellula r carcinoma

Objective　To study the p16 protein expression and p16 gene deletion in hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)， and to evaluate the relati onship between p16 gene and HCC. 　Methods　Using immunohistochemistry and polymerase chain reaction （PCR）, we exam ined the expression of p16 protein and the deletion of p16 gene in 25 cases of H CC.　Results　The loss of p16 protei n expression was observed in 17 cases of HCC (68%,17/25) and in 1 case of tumor adjacent tissues (4%,1/25), respectively (P＜0.01). The loss of p16 prot ein expression was closely correlated with poor histological differentiation of the tumor (P＜0.05), but not related to the size of the tumor, nor the serum AFP level(P＞0.05).The deletion rate of p16 gene in HCC(28%, 7/25) w as significantly different from that in tumor adjacent hepatic tissues(4%,1/2 5). The deletion rate of p16 gene was not correlated with the histological dif ferentiation, nor with the size of the tumor and serum AFP level (P＞0.0 5).　Conclusions　There was a close relationship between hepatocarcinogenesis and p16 gene inactivation. The expres sion of p16 protein may be an useful index to predict the prognosis.