肩胛颈骨折手术与非手术治疗的临床对比研究

目的探讨肩胛颈骨折有效的治疗方法。方法对1994年5月～2003年5月收治的30例肩胛颈骨折进行回顾性对比分析。其中轻度移位(分离移位<10mm)9例,明显移位(分离移位>10mm)21例;解剖颈骨折6例,外科颈骨折24例;非手术治疗12例,手术治疗18例。随访时进行临床检查,采用Herscovici功能评估方法;影像学检查主要在肩胛骨正位X线片上测量盂极角(glenopolarangle,GPA)。结果28例获随访14d～9年。其中非手术治疗组:随访11例,Herscivici评估:优4例,良2例,可2例,差3例,6例GPA>20°,5例GPA<20°;手术治疗组:随访17例,Herscivici评估:优11例,良5例,可1例,16例GPA>20°,1例GPA<20°。结论轻度移位的外科颈骨折适合保守治疗;而移位明显或伴有同侧锁骨骨折的外科颈骨折,以及解剖颈骨折应采用手术治疗,重建肩关节稳定,减少并发症。

A COMPATIVE STUDY ON OPERATION AND NON-OPERATION IN TREATING FRACTURES OF SCAPULAR NECK

OBJECTIVE: To explore the effective method for treatment of fractures of scapular neck. METHODS: A retrospective analysis of 30 patients with fractures of scapular neck was done. The patients were treated by operation or by non-operation from May 1994 to May 2003. According to the degree of displacement, 30 cases included 9 mild displaced fractures(<10 mm) and 21 severe displaced fractures(>10 mm). According to the location of fractures, there were 24 cases of surgical neck fractures and 6 cases of anatomical neck fractures. Of all 30 patients, 12 were treated by non-operation and 18 by operation. All fractured scapular necks were exposed through posterior approach and fixed with interfragmentary compression screws, reconstruction plates and so on after satisfactory reduction. Associated clavical fractures were exposed through Langer's approach and fixed with Kirschner wire-tension band fixation construct, reconstruction plates and so forth. When followed up, the clinical examination was done and the X-ray films were taken to measure glenopolar angle(GPA). Herscovici's score was adopted. RESULTS: Twenty-eight patients were followed up from 14 days to 9 years. Among 11 patients treated by non-operation, Herscivici score showed that 4 cases achieved the excellent result, 2 cases good, 2 cases fair and 3 cases poor and the X-ray film results showed that there were 6 cases of GPA>20 degrees and 5 cases of GPA<20 degrees. Of 17 patients treated by operation, Herscivici score showed that 11 cases achieved the excellent result, 5 cases good and 1 case fair and the X-ray film results showed that there 16 cases of GPA>20 degrees and 1 case of GPA<20 degrees . CONCLUSION: Fractures of scapular surgical neck with mild displacement can be treated by nonoperation, while fractures of surgical neck with severe displacement or associated with ipsilateral clavical fractures, and fractures of anatomical neck should be treated by operation to reconstruct the stability of shoulder and minimize the complications.