上海市闵行区2010-2014学年3～15岁儿童口腔健康状况调查

目的调查闵行区2010—2014学年不同年龄儿童的患龋率及龋均情况,分析5年来儿童易患龋年龄段及易患龋牙位情况。方法闵行区2010年9月—2015年8月公立中小幼机构3~15岁儿童进行口腔检查,获得其基线资料,建立个人口腔健康档案。应用SPSS 20.0软件包进行结果分析。结果从10至14学年,幼儿园学生、小学生5年来患龋率和龋均并无趋势可言(P>0.05),已趋于平稳,闵行区幼儿园学生患龋率在50%左右,小学生患龋率在60%左右;而中学生患龋率及龋均逐年下降,2014学年中学生患龋率下降至28.57%,龋均1.14,均明显低于幼儿园学生和小学生(P<0.01);就每个年级而言,3~8岁儿童随年龄增加患龋率和龋均升高,9~12岁儿童患龋率和龋均随年龄增加下降,13~15岁儿童随年龄增加患龋率下降,而龋均逐渐缓慢升高。结论幼儿园和小学学生的龋病预防和干预是关键,8岁前儿童主要预防乳牙龋,8岁以后第一磨牙的预防及早期干预尤为重要。

Investigation of oral health status of 3-15 year-old children in Shanghai Minhang district during 2010-2014 school years

Objective To know the caries rate and mean dmft ( dynamical mean?field theory) in children aged 3-15 in Minhang dis?trict during 2010-2014 school years, and to find out the age and tooth of high caries incidence. Method From September 2010 to Au?gust 2015, 3-15 year?old children in public kindergarten, primary and secondary schools in Minhang district were examined to obtain the baseline data and establish their personal oral health record. The result was analyzed by SPSS20.0 software package. Results Dur?ing 2010-2014 school years, the caries rate and mean dmft of kindergarten students and pupils demonstrated no tendency, but leveling off( P>0.05) . The prevalence rate of caries in kindergarten students was about 50%, and that in pupils was about 60%. The caries rate and mean dmft of middle school students declined year by year with the minimum value in the 2014 school year, when the caries rate was 28.57% and the mean dmft was 1.14, which were significantly lower than those of kindergarten students and pupils ( P<0.01) . As far as the grade was concerned, the prevalence of caries and the mean dmft of children aged 3-8 increased with age, those of children aged 9-12 declined with age, but the caries rate of children aged 13-15 declined, and the mean dmft increased slowly with age. Con?clusion For kindergarten students and pupils, the prevention of intervention of dental caries is the key; for children under 8 years old, the main focus rests in the prevention of dental caries in deciduous teeth;for children above 8 years old, the prevention and early intervention of dental caries in the first molar are particularly important.