可用于口腔软组织增量的聚乙烯醇和聚丙烯酰胺水凝胶的制备

目的：制备可用于口腔软组织增量的聚乙烯醇（ PVA）、聚丙烯酰胺（ PAM）水凝胶。方法：将经高温溶解、冷冻解冻法制备的PVA、PAM,用真空抽气干燥后制备成体积为18 mm ×5 mm ×4 mm、浓度分别为15 wt％、20 wt％、25 wt％的干凝胶。将所制备的PVA和PAM干凝胶进行表征鉴定。结果：制备出的PVA质地较硬且均匀,表面光滑;PAM则脆性大且质地不均匀,可看到其中的孔隙,表面粗糙。结论：PVA、PAM在常温下搅拌可少量溶解于去离子水中,升高温度才可完全溶解。 PVA经若干次冷冻解冻循环可交联成固态结构,经真空干燥后即可得到体积收缩2～3倍的干凝胶。

The preparation of polymer-polyvinyl alcohol and polyacrylamide hydrogel used for oral soft tissue increment

Objective:To prepare polymer-polyvinyl alcohol( PVA) and polyacrylamide( PAM) hydrogel used for oral soft tissue in?crement. Methods:First of all,dissolved PVA、PAM prepared throughdissolving in the heat, freezing in the low temperature and un?freezing at room temperature. And then dried in vacuum oven, and cutit into three cubes which were 18 mm × 5 mm × 4 mm in vol?ume,and the concentration was 15 wt%, 20 wt% and 25 wt%respectively. Finally the dry gel of PVA and PAM were characterized. Re?sults:The dry gel of PVA was hard,uniform and smooth. But the dry gel of PAM which couldbe saw small hole was fragile, uneven and rough. Conclusions:A small amount of PVA and PAM could be dissolved in deionized water through stirring at room temperature, but PVA and PAM could be completely dissolved at a higher temperature. PVA could be solidified through repeated freezing and unfreezing for several times, and become dry gel by vacuum drying which would be shrunken two or three times in the volume.