更年春方对切除卵巢大鼠学习记忆能力和海马胆碱能系统的影响

目的 观察中药更年春方对卵巢切除大鼠学习记忆能力的影响，并探讨其对海马胆碱能系统的调节作用。方法 选择10～12月龄SD雌性大鼠，切除双侧卵巢建立学习记忆能力下降的模型，分别用生理盐水、更年春方（高、低剂量）和尼尔雌醇灌药12周后行Morris水迷宫实验（MWM），化学发光法测血清雌二醇（E2）水平，Real-time PCR 法测定海马乙酰胆碱酯酶（AChE）mRNA的变化，免疫组化的方法测定海马乙酰胆碱（ACh）、AChE和乙酰胆碱转移酶（ChAT）的活性。结果 大鼠切除卵巢后，血E2水平和Morris水迷宫测定的学习记忆能力显著下降（P<0.01，P<0.05）。尼尔雌醇和高剂量更年春方可以改善大鼠切除卵巢后学习记忆能力下降的症状，提高海马ACh、AChE和ChAT的活性（均P<0.05）。结论 更年春方可以改善卵巢切除大鼠的学习记忆能力，其作用机制可能是通过调节海马胆碱能指标而发挥作用的。

Effect of Gengnianchun Recipe on Learning Memory Function and Hippocampal Cholinergic System in Ovariectomized Rats

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of Gengnianchun Recipe (GNC) on learning memory function and its regulatory effect on hippocampal cholinergic system in ovariectomized rats. METHODS: Female rats 10-12 months old were randomized into 5 groups, the sham-operation group, the model group treated with normal saline, the positive control group treated with Nilestriol, and the two GNC groups treated with high and low dose GNC respectively. A little fat around ovary was cut in the sham-operation group. The treatment lasted for 12 weeks after ovariectomy. Changes of learning memory function were tested by Morris water maze; serum level of estradiol (E2) was measured by chemical fluorescent method; hippocampal acetylcholinesterase (AChE) mRNA was determined with Real-time PCR; and the activities of acetylcholine (ACh), AChE and choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) in hippocampus were detected by immunohistochemistry respectively. RESULTS: Twelve weeks after ovariectomy, serum E2 and learning memory function markedly decreased in the ovariectomized rats (P < 0.01, P < 0.05). Nilestriol and high dose GNC showed an effect in improving the symptoms of learning memory functional deprivation and elevating the activities of hippocampal ACh, AChE and ChAT (all P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: GNC can improve learning memory function of ovariectomized rats, and its mechanism might be realized by regulating the cholinergic system in hippocampus.