低分子量肝素的抗过敏作用

 目的：研究低分子量肝素(low molecular weight heparin，LMWH)的抗过敏作用。方法：用卵白蛋白(ovalbumin，OA)免疫豚鼠造成过敏模型，观察LMWH对OA所致的豚鼠离体回肠平滑肌收缩的影响；在大鼠颅骨骨膜接种抗血清使肥大细胞被动致敏，观察LMWH对OA引起肥大细胞脱颗粒的影响；以4-氨基吡啶诱发小鼠舔体反应，观察LMWH对舔体反应的影响；以冰醋酸使小鼠毛细血管通透性增加，观察LMWH对通透性的影响。结果：LMWH 16000 u·L^-1(P<0.01)和8000u·L^-1（P<0.05)均能显著降低OA所致的致敏豚鼠离体回肠平滑肌收缩高度；LMWH 200，50和12.5 u·kg^-1(P<0.01)均能明显抑制颅骨骨膜肥大细胞脱颗粒；LMWH 60 u·kg^-1(P<0.01)和30 u·kg^-1 (P<0.05)均能显著减少4-氛基毗吮诱发的小鼠舔体反应次数，并能抑制冰醋酸所致的小鼠毛细血管通透性增加。结论：LMWH对多种动物模型具有抗过敏的作用，这种作用可能与其抑制肥大细胞脱颗粒和抗炎作用有关。

The effects of low molecular weight heparin on allergic response

OBJECTIVE:To study the effects of low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) on allergic response. METHODS:Guinea-pigs were sensitized by ovalbumin(OA) and the effects of LMWH on the constriction of ileum smooth muscle induced by OA were observed in vitro;The effects of LMWH on the degranulation of pericranium mast cell induced by OA were observed through the passive anaphylaxis rat model which was made by vaccinating antiserum at pericranium;Licking response was induced by 4-aminopyridine(4-AP) sc at scruff in mice,then the effect of LMWH on licking response was studied the capillary pemeabilty increasing induced by glactal acetic acid and the effect of LMWH on capillary pemeability were studied. RESULTS:LMWH 16000 and 8000 u·L^-1could significantly inhibit the constriction of the isolated ileum smooth muscle of ovalbumin (OA)-sensitized guinea pigs induced by OA in vitro (P＜0.01,P＜0.05 vs vehicle);LMWH 200,50 and 12.5 u·kg^-1ip could markedly inhibit the degranulation of pericranium MC in rats (P＜0.01 vs vehicle),LMWH 60 and 30 u·kg^-1ip could sigificantly depress the licking response induced by 4-aminopyridine and the increasing of capillary permeability induced by acetic acid in mice (P＜0.01,P＜0.05 vs vehicle). CONCLUSION:LMWH in the dosages used in the present study possessed anti-allergic activity in several animal models,and the activity was likely related to its inhibitory effects on the degranulation of MC and to its antiinflammatory effects.