Lymphangiogenesis induced by VEGF-C and VEGF-D promotes metastasis and a poor outcome in breast carcinoma: a retrospective study of 61 cases |
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Authors: | Yan Gu Xiaoliang Qi Shanyu Guo |
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Institution: | (1) Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China |
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Abstract: | Purpose To evaluate lymphangiogenesis in patients with breast carcinoma, explore the underlying mechanism, and study the relationship
between lymphangiogenesis and progression of breast carcinoma. Methods Sixty-one cases of breast carcinoma with complete clinical and pathological data were analyzed. Using an anti-podoplanin
monoclonal antibody, an immunohistochemical study was made of all specimens to detect lymphatic vessel density (LVD) and to
investigate its clinicopathological and prognostic value. VEGF-C and VEGF-D were observed by RT-PCR and immunostaining to
investigate their clinicopathological and prognostic values and their relationship with lymphangiogenesis. Results LVD in breast carcinoma (6.28 ± 3.73) was significantly higher than in benign mammary lesions (0.50 ± 1.27), P < 0.01 and was significantly associated with lymphatic metastasis and high TNM stage, P < 0.01. The level of VEGF-C and VEGF-D expression was also significantly higher in breast carcinomas than in benign mammary
lesions, P < 0.01. LVD increased significantly with higher expression of VEGF-C and VEGF-D, P < 0.01. Patients with high expression of VEGF-C and VEGF-D were observed to be more likely to have a bad outcome, P < 0.05. Conclusions Lymphangiogenesis was significantly associated with lymph node metastasis, high TNM, and poor outcome in breast carcinoma.
LVD may serve as a predictor of lymph node metastasis and a prognostic factor in breast carcinoma. VEGF-C and VEGF-D play
an important role in lymphangiogenesis making the carcinoma more aggressive and leading to a poor prognosis. |
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Keywords: | Breast neoplasms Neoplasm metastasis Lymphangiogenesis VEGF-C VEGF-D |
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