商陆药理作用及毒性研究进展

查阅了近20年有关商陆药理效应,毒性作用及不良反应的报道。药理研究发现具有抗菌、抗炎、抗病毒、抗肿瘤、增强免疫等多重疗效,临床主要用于治疗血小板减少性紫癜、急慢性肾炎、肾水肿、银屑病等病症。其在抗炎和免疫方面的作用尤为突出,多糖和皂苷类成分能够广泛调节多种细胞因子。目前已有关于商陆急性中毒的临床报道,表现为不同程度的交感神经兴奋和胃肠道刺激症状,甚至可能引起死亡。毒性表现涉及消化、中枢神经、心血管、呼吸等多系统;动物实验也证实其毒性,甚至有潜在突变性。为此,在商陆的研究中需要特别关注毒性与减毒的研究,以达到临床使用安全有效的目的。

Review on Pharmacological Effects and Toxicity of Phytolaccae

This article summarizes its pharmacological effects,toxicity, and adverse reactions,reported in the literatures in recent some 20 years. Modern pharmacological study has proved its multiple function,such as anti-bacteria,anti-inflammatory,anti-virus,anti-tumor,enhancing immunity etc,the main clinical indication includes thrombocytopenic purpura,acute and chronic nephritis,renal edema and psoriasis. Among them,the actions of anti-inflammatory and immunity are prominent. Polysaccharides and saponins could extensively regulate many cytokines. At present, clinical reports on acute poisoning have been found. Patients all show sympathetic nerve excitement and gastrointestinal irritation with different degrees. Toxic performances were related to digestive,central nervous,cardiovascular,respiratory and other systems. Death could be induced as serious toxicity happened. Animal experiments have also confirmed its toxicity, including potential mutagenicity. Therefore, for safety and effectiveness in the clinic, further research and attention should be paid to the adverse responses of Phytolaccae and the approach of decreasing the toxicity.