贵阳白云区农村燃煤型氟中毒外环境因素的分析

目的　了解农村燃煤型氟中毒流行的外环境因素 ,制定防氟对策。方法　在曾进行过改灶和未改灶地区开展入户调查 ,按 Dean's分类法检查 8～ 12岁儿童恒牙氟班牙 ,用氟离子选择电极法测定尿氟、空气氟、粮食氟。结果　改灶和未改灶地区室内空气、粮食均受到不同程度氟污染 ,下堰村改灶前和改灶后相比 ,空气、辣椒、儿童尿中氟含量差异有极显著意义 (P <0 .0 0 1) ;在改灶与未改灶地区大米氟含量差异有显著意义 (P <0 .0 1)。居民的主要摄氟物质为大米和辣椒 ,儿童氟斑牙患病率分别为 6 3.5 5 %、70 .0 3%。结论　引起氟中毒流行的外环境因素与主食结构、燃煤方式关系密切 ,与家庭经济、住房结构关系不明显。应加强农村居民防氟意识 ,采取健康教育干预为主的综合性防治措施。

Social factors analysis and the counttenmeasures of prophylaxis and treatment about the fluorosis caused by coal burning in the countryside of Baiyun district

Objective To know the social factors which caused the burning coal fluorosis prevailling in the countryside of our district and formulate the counter measures of prophylaxis and treatrment.Methods The altered furnace area and no altered furnace area were investigated indoors. Dental fluorosis of 8~12 years old children were checked with the method of Dean's classification.The concentrations of urine fluorine air fluorine and grain fluorine were determined with the method of F lon Selective Electrode.Results The indoor air and grain were polluted by fluorine in different degrees in both areas.Compared the fluorine concentration of air,poppr and the children's urine of XiaYan Village without being altered furnace with those when the furnace had been altered,significant differences rice and popper.Dental fluorosis incidences of the children were 67.94% and 72.60%.Conclusions The social factors causing fluorosis included the grain structure,whether the kitchen and livingroom separated,and the way of burning coal.But the fluorosis incidence had no difference with family economy and house structure.So the syntheitical measures which included enhancing the thought of preventing fluoride of the peasants and intervence by health promotion should be made to be the main countermeasures of prophylaxis and treatment.