肠球菌的耐药性及脉冲场凝胶电泳分型研究

目的研究临床分离的肠球菌对常用抗生素的耐药性及肠球菌与感染性疾病的关系。方法应用纸片扩散法检测从临床标本中分离的３１１株肠球菌的耐药性；脉冲场凝胶电泳（ＰＦＧＥ）对细菌分型；病例回顾性分析。结果肠球菌对临床常用的１５种抗生素的耐药率以万古霉素最低；其次为氨苄西林／舒巴坦耐药率为１７．４％；亚胺硫霉素耐药率为１８．３％。粪肠球菌与屎肠球菌对抗生素的耐药率有明显差异。应用ＰＦＧＥ法将粪肠球菌分为Ａ型及亚型、Ｂ型、Ｃ型及亚型、Ｄ型，屎肠球菌分为Ａ、Ｂ、Ｃ型。结论肠球菌对临床常用的１５种抗生素的敏感性以万古霉素最敏感。肠球菌引起的不同系统感染，以泌尿系统最常见。ＰＦＧＥ对肠球菌感染流行监测是一个有力的工具。

Enterococcus spp resistance and typing by pulsed-fpield gel electrophoresis

Objective To study Infections of Enterococcus spp and its resistance to antibiotics in 4 general hospitals.Methods Enterococcus resistance was tested using K B methods. Organisms were indentified by API system and PFGE. The relationship between Enterococcus and infectious diseases was analysed according to clinical case.Results The resistant rate of Enterococcus against vanomycin was 0 in 15 antibiotics The resistant rate of ampicillin sulbactum was 17.4%, the next and of imipenem 18.3% the third in ranking. The incidence rate of urinary infections caused by Enterococcus was 42.3%. Enterococcus faecalis was divided into type A and subtype A, type B,type C and subtype C and Enterococcus faecium into type A, B and C by PFGE.Conclusion Enterococcus was most susceptible to vancomycin among the 15 antibiotics. The resistant rate of Enterococcus faecium was higher than that of Enterococcus faecalis. PFGE was useful in epidemiological monitoring etiology of infectious disease.