Disparate exposure to physically demanding working conditions in France |
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| Institution: | 1. Laboratoire SAF, ISFA, université de Lyon, université Claude-Bernard Lyon 1, 50, avenue Tony-Garnier, 69007 Lyon cedex, France;2. GATE – UMR 5824-CNRS, ENS Lyon, université de Lyon, 15, parvis René-Descartes, BP 7000, 69342 Lyon cedex 07, France;1. Institut für Geowissenschaften, Facheinheit Mineralogie, Johann Wolfgang Goethe Universität, Altenhöferallee 1, D-60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany;2. Centre for Crustal Petrology, Department of Earth Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland 7602, South Africa;3. UMR 6524-CNRS-IRD, Université Jean-Monnet, 23 rue du Dr. Michelon, 42023 Saint-Étienne, France;1. University of Helsinki, Finland, Ecosystems and Environment Research Programme, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, P.O Box 65, Viikinkaari 1, FI-00014 Helsinki Finland;2. University of Helsinki, Finland, Ecosystems and Environment Research Programme, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Kotka Maritime Research Center, Keskuskatu 10, FI-48100 Kotka, Finland;1. UMR 5246 CNRS, Malaria research unit, Claude-Bernard Lyon-1 university, 69622 Villeurbanne, France;2. Département des Sciences Fondamentales et Mixtes, Faculté des Sciences de la Santé, Université Abdou Moumouni, Niamey, Niger;3. Laboratoire de physiologie et explorations fonctionnelles, UFR Sciences Médicales, Université Félix Houphouët Boigny, Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire;4. Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon (CRNL), centre hospitalier Le Vinatier, bâtiment 462, Neurocampus, 95, boulevard Pinel, 69500 Bron, France;1. Department of Work Psychology and Physiology, National Institute of Occupational Health, Oslo, Norway;2. Institute of Health and Society, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway |
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| Abstract: | BackgroundOur study was aimed at examining disparate exposure to physically demanding working conditions in France, a key objective being to identify the types of employees/jobs requiring high-priority preventive actions.MethodsWe analyzed the data from the 2017 French nationwide cross-sectional survey (SUMER) on occupational hazards to which French employees in various sectors were subjected. The prevalence of several types of physically demanding working conditions (lifting of heavy loads, awkward body postures, vibrations, noise, and extreme temperatures) was explored. Potential associations of individual and job characteristics with these factors of hardship at work were studied by multivariate logistic regression.ResultsIn total, 48% of employees were exposed to at least one physically demanding working condition and 24.8% were exposed to multiple constraints. While managers and intellectual professionals were exposed relatively infrequently to physical constraints, blue-collar workers experienced the highest frequency of exposure. On the one hand, the role of company size depended on the factor of hardship at work considered; on the other hand, employees in large-scale companies were generally less exposed. As expected, employees in the construction industry were the most exposed to physical constraints; that said, our results also show that some activities in the services sector (e.g., personal care, administrative and support services) were quite significantly affected by a wide array of physically demanding working conditions.ConclusionNotwithstanding the establishment in France of Plans de Santé au travail (preventive workplace health and safety plans), occupational risks were found to be high, and above all, they were unevenly distributed among the various socio-professional categories, and strongly contributed to social inequalities in health. Our results identify the types of publics to be designated as high-priority targets for preventive measures aimed at reducing the adverse impacts of physically demanding working conditions and the incidence of associated musculoskeletal disorders. |
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| Keywords: | Health inequalities Occupational exposure Physically demanding working conditions Physical workload Harmful noise Awkward body postures Inégalités de santé Expositions professionnelles Conditions de travail physique Port de charges Bruit nocif Postures pénibles |
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