视神经管手术入路断层与应用解剖学研究

目的为开展视神经管新型手术提供精细的解剖学基础。方法在大体解剖学研究基础上,应用改进的火棉胶包埋技术对前颅底区域进行连续的三维薄切片,通过两者的有机结合,深入研究视神经管区域精细的解剖结构与复杂的毗邻关系。结果对视神经管区域解剖结构与毗邻关系显示良好精确。中鼻甲根部上缘至视神经管距离左侧为(28.0±5.0)mm,右侧为(29.0±6.0)mm。蝶窦下壁厚度左侧为(3.0±0.9)mm,右侧为(2.7±0.9)mm,视神经管与蝶窦或(和)筛窦间壁厚度左侧为(1.0±0.3)mm,右侧为(1.0±0.4)mm。结论经鼻、蝶窦或(和)筛窦入路行视神经管手术安全可行。

Sectional and applied anatomy of operative approach through optic canal

Objective    To provide anatomic basis for operative approach through optic canal.　Methods　On the ground of gross anatomy, three-dimensional continual thin sections of the anterior basilar region were performed adopting the improved celloidin embedding technique. The fine anatomic features and complex adjacency in optic canal were explored.　Results　The research exactly showed the structures and adjacency in the region of optic canal. The distance between the superior border of the root of middle nasal concha and the optic canal was about (28.0±5.0) mm（left） and (29.0±6.0) mm(right),  the thickness of inferior wall of sphenoidal sinus was (3.0±0.9) mm (left) and (2.7±0.9) mm (right) respectively. The thickness of the wall that between the optic canal and sphenoidal sinus or/and ethmoidal sinus was about (1.0±0.3)mm (left) and (1.0±0.4)mm (right). Conclusions　Our study prove that, the operative approach through sphenoidal sinus or/and ethmoidal sinus is safe and valid.