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Economic value of Acinetobacter baumannii screening in the intensive care unit
Authors:B.Y. Lee  S.M. McGlone  Y. Doi  R.R. Bailey  L.H. Harrison
Affiliation:1. Public Health Computational and Operations Research;2. Graduate School of Public Health;3. Division of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine;4. Infectious Disease Epidemiology Research Unit, School of Medicine and Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
Abstract:Although Acinetobacter baumannii (A. baumannii) is an increasingly common nosocomial pathogen that can cause serious infections in the intensive care unit (ICU), most ICUs do not actively screen admissions for this pathogen. We developed an economic computer simulation model to determine the potential cost-consequences to the hospital of implementing routine A. baumannii screening of ICU admissions and isolating those patients who tested positive, comparing two screening methods, sponge and swab, with each other and no screening. Sensitivity analyses varied the colonization prevalence, percentage of colonized individuals who had active A. baumannii infections, A. baumannii reproductive rate (R), and contact isolation efficacy. Both screening methods were cost-effective for almost all scenarios tested, yielding cost-savings ranging from -$1 to -$1563. Sponge screening was not cost-saving when colonization prevalence was ≤1%, probability of infection ≤30%, R ≤ 0.25, and contact isolation efficacy ≤25%. Swab screening was not cost-saving under these same conditions when the probability of infection was ≤40%. Sponge screening tended to be more cost-saving than swab screening (additional savings ranged from $1 to $421). Routine A. baumannii screening of ICU patients may save costs for hospitals.
Keywords:cost savings  economics  intensive care unit  screening
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