抗菌中草药的筛选及其有效成分的分离提取和初步鉴定

目的 筛选抗茵中草药并分离鉴定其有效成分。方法 用纸片法筛选出具有明显抑菌效果的中草药，分别用渗漉法和索氏法粗提，进一步用离子交换树脂分离法和超滤法分离，最后通过薄板层析纯化并初步鉴定抑菌有效成分。结果 苦参、地榆、冰片、丹参、田七、金银花等6种中草药具有较好的抑菌效果，渗漉提取法好于索氏提取法，离子交换树脂分离法中水洗脱优于氨洗脱，初步鉴定出的抑菌有效成分有生物碱、黄酮类、酚类和醌类物质。结论 地榆、冰片和苦参有较好的抑菌效果，并且其抑菌有效成分易被分离提取。

Screening for Antibacterial Chinese Herbal Medicines and Extraction and Preliminary Identification of Their Effective Ingredients

Objective To screen out antibacterial Chinese herbal medicines and then to separate and kleutify their effective ingredients. Methods The Chinese herbal medicines with strong antibacterial ability were, screened out firstly by paper disk method. And then their effective ingredients were extracted rudely by seeping method and sequence circumfluenee method separately. Ion-exchange and uhrafihration were used to do further isolation and effective antibacterial ingredients were identified preliminarily following thin-layer chromatography. Results The medicines of sophora flavescens,sanguisrba officinal,borneolum syntheticum,radix salvia mihiorrhizae,Panax notoginseng and honeysuckle flower were found having better bacteriostalic effect. Seeping extraction was better than sequence circumfluence extraction. Water elution was better than ammonia elution. The preliminary identifications suggest that effective antibacterial ingredients include alkaloids, flavones,phenols and qninones. Conclusion The medicines of sophora faveseens,sanguisorba officinal and borneolum syntheticum have better bacteriostatic effect and their effective ingredients are, easy to extract.