涂阳肺结核病人家庭密切接触者筛查情况分析

目的了解涂阳肺结核病人家庭密切接触者中活动性肺结核检出情况。方法接受检查的家庭密切接触者771人,年龄〈15岁儿童进行结核菌素纯蛋白衍生物实验,对结核菌素强阳性反应（硬结≥20 mm或局部伴有水泡等）的儿童,和≥15岁人群均拍摄X线胸片,对X线胸片提示肺部有异常阴影者进行痰涂片和痰培养检查。结果涂阳肺结核病人家庭密切接触者中活动性肺结核病人检出率为3.8%,涂阳肺结核检出率为0.8%。肺部病灶有空洞和排菌量大的病人其家庭密切接触者活动性肺结核检出率高。家庭密切接触者中年龄〉60岁组其活动性肺结核检出率高于其他组,经统计学处理,与15~60岁组比,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论对涂阳肺结核病人家庭密切接触者摄X线胸片筛查,有助于提高肺结核病人发现率,是发现肺结核病例的一种有效手段。

Analysis on screening in family close contacts exposed to patients with smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis

Objective To investigate the detection situation in family close contacts exposed to patients with smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis.Methods Among 771 close contacts,children less 15years old received tuberculin skin test(TST),and X-ray was carried out for children whose TST was no less than 20 mm or less than 20 mm with blister,and for people aged no less than 15 years old sputum smear and culture were carried out for patients with suspected X-ray shadow.Results Of close contacts exposed to patients wi...