经皮肾镜碎石取石术的并发症及其防治对策

总结经皮肾镜碎石取石术（percutaneousnephrolithofripsy，PCNL）的并发症及其处理对策：PCNL的主要并发症有出血、集合系统和肾损伤、邻近器管损伤、感染和脓毒症甚至死亡；严格掌握PCNL的适应证，术前完善准备，术中仔细、熟练操作足防止并发症发生的重要措施；及时认识并处理并发症是降低并发症对机体影响的关键；大部分的并发症町以保守治疗。

Preventation and Treatment of Percutaneous Nephrolithotripsy Complications

This paper summarized the complications of percutaneous nephrolithotripsy(PCNL) and responding treatments.These complications mostly included hemorrhage,injuries of the collecting system and kidney,injuries of adjacent organs,infection and sepsis and death.In order to prevent them happening,preoperation preparation,operation process and postoperation care should be noticed.Correct diagnose and timely treatment played a key role to minimize the impact of these complications.Most of them can be treated conser...