辛辣食物摄入增加超重和肥胖的风险

目的探究人群中辛辣食物摄入与超重和肥胖的关系,为肥胖膳食预防提供理论依据。方法本研究数据来自中国慢性病前瞻性研究(China Kadoorie Biobank,CKB)哈尔滨市2004—2008年的横断面人群,采用整群随机抽样方法纳入57 555名30～79岁(男性23 254人,女性34 301人)研究对象。通过面对面问卷调查获得人口学信息及吸烟、饮酒等生活习惯信息,采用食物频率问卷获取各类食物包括辛辣食物摄入信息,体格检查获得身高、体重等指标,并应用Logistic回归方法分析辛辣食物摄入及其与偏爱肉食/素食膳食习惯的交互作用对超重与肥胖风险的影响。结果与摄入辛辣食物频率低的人群相比,摄入辛辣食物频率高的人群超重和肥胖的风险在男性中增加了29%(OR=1.285,95%CI 1.251～1.319,P<0.001),在女性中增加了33%(OR=1.329,95%CI 1.294～1.364,P<0.001)。与摄入微辣食物的人群相比,摄入极辣食物人群男女超重和肥胖的风险分别增加了20%(OR=1.198, 95%CI 1.137～1.259,P=0.011)和19%(OR=1.194, 95%CI 1.141～1.247,P=0.003)。在男性人群中,偏好肉食,且辛辣食物摄入频率及程度高的人群,超重和肥胖的风险最高,偏好肉食/素食的膳食习惯与辛辣食物摄入两因素间存在交互作用(P<0.001)。结论辛辣食物的摄入可能增加超重和肥胖的风险,同时减少辛辣食物和肉食的摄入可能能够更有效地预防超重和肥胖。

Spicy food intake increases the risk of overweight and obesity

OBJECTIVE To explore the relationship between spicy food intake and overweight or obesity in the population,and provide theoretical basis for dietary prevention of obesity.METHODS The data of this study was collected from the cross-sectional population of China Kadoorie Biobank(CKB)in Harbin from 2004 to 2008.A cluster random sampling method was used to select 57 555 subjects aged 30-79(23 254 males and 34 301 females).Demographic information and habits information such as smoking and drinking were obtained by face-to-face questionnaires.Food frequency questionnaires were used to obtain information on various foods including spicy food intake.Physical examination was used to obtain indicators of height and weight.Logistic regression method was used to analyze the influence of spicy food intake and its interaction with predilection for meat/vegetarian diet on the risk of overweight and obesity.RESULTSCompared with people who intake spicy foods with low frequency,the risk of overweight and obesity in people with a high frequency of intake spicy foods increased by 29%(OR=1.285,95%CI 1.251-1.319,P<0.001)in males and 33%(OR=1.329,95%CI 1.294-1.364,P<0.001)in females.Compared with the people who intake spicy food with a slightly intensity,the risk of overweight and obesity in males and females with a extremely intensity of intake spicy foods increased by 20%(OR=1.198,95%CI 1.137-1.259,P=0.011)and 19%(OR=1.194,95%CI 1.141-1.247,P=0.003),respectively.In the male population,the risk of overweight and obesity was the highest among those who preferred meat and had high frequency and degree of spicy food intake.There was an interaction between meat/vegetarian preference and spicy food intake(P<0.001).CONCLUSION Intake spicy food can increase the risk of overweight and obesity,while reducing the intake of spicy foods and meats can be more effective in prevent overweight and obesity.