新生儿呼吸道合胞病毒肺炎的临床特征及干扰素的干预效果

目的 研究新生儿呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV)肺炎的临床特征及干扰素的干预效果.方法 将我院儿科2014年5月至2015年7月收治的96例RSV肺炎新生患儿纳入研究对象.经随机数字法分为观察组和对照组,每组48例.对照组入院后进行常规治疗,观察组在此基础上增加重组人干扰素α1b的使用.比较观察组与对照组肺部哕音消失时间、吸氧天数、住院时间,并于治疗1周后评估两组临床疗效,治疗期间观察药物不良反应.另随机抽取医院同期出生的RSV检查阴性新生儿90例为阴性对照组,比较RSV阳性患儿与RSV阴性新生儿的一般资料、临床特征差异.结果 RSV阳性组纯母乳喂养率为35.42％,明显低于RSV阴性组53.33％ (P ＜0.05),咳嗽、鼻塞、细湿鸣音、哮鸣音发生率分别为76.04％、71.88％、54.17％、30.21％,均明显高于RSV阴性组(P＜0.05);观察组肺部哕音消失时间、吸氧天数及住院时间分别为(6.44 ±2.13)d、(5.67±1.75)d、(9.28±2.89)d,均明显少于对照组(7.58±3.29)d、(6.83±2.02)d、(10.85±3.60) d(P ＜0.05);观察组治疗1周后有效率为81.25％,较对照组明显升高(P＜0.05).结论 咳嗽、鼻塞、细湿鸣音、哮鸣音、纯母乳喂养率低为新生儿RSV肺炎的主要特征,以干扰素治疗该病,可有效改善治疗效果,促进肺部功能恢复,是值得推广的治疗方式.

Clinical features of newborn with respiratory syncytial virus pneumonia and intervention effects of interferon

Objective To study clinical features of newborn with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) pneumonia and intervention effects of interferon.Methods 96 cases of newborn with RSV pneumonia treated in the department of pediatrics of our hospital from May 2014 to July 2015 were enrolled in the study.They were divided into the observation group and the control group (48 cases in each group) by random number method.The control group was treated with routine treatment and the observation group was treated with recombinant human interferon α1 b on the basis of routine treatment.90 cases of newborn with without RSV infection in the same period were selected randomly as the negative group,differences of general information and clinical features of children from RSV positive group and RSV negative group were compared.The disappearance time of pulmonary rales,inhale oxygen time and hospitalization time in the observation group and the control group were compared.In addition,one week effects and adverse drug reactions during the treatment were observed.Results Breasffeeding rate of RSV positive group was 35.42％,which was significantly lower than that of the RSV negative group with 53.33％ (P ＜ 0.05).Incidence of cough,nasal obstruction,fine moist rale,wheezing rale were 76.04％,71.88％,54.17％ and 30.21％ respectively,which were significantly higher than that of the RSV negative group (P ＜ 0.05).The disappearance time of pulmonary rales,inhale oxygen time and hospitalization time in the observation group were (6.44 ± 2.13)d,(5.67 ± 1.75) d,(9.28 ± 2.89) d respectively,which were significantly less than that of the control group (P ＜0.05).One week effective rate of the observation group was 81.25％,which was higher than that of the control group (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Main features of newborn with RSV pneumonia include cough,nasal obstruction,fine moist rale,wheezing rale and low breastfeeding rate and the interferon treatment has obvious clinical effect,which is worthy of a promotion in clinical application.