针对性膳食指导和营养管理对妊娠结局的影响

目的：探讨有针对性地膳食指导和营养管理对妊娠结局的影响。方法选取在昌吉州人民医院产科定期产检的妊娠期妇女133例，随机分为有针对性地膳食指导和营养管理干预组和对照组，比较两组研究对象孕后期各营养指标的差异；比较体重增长和孕期并发症的差异；比较两组孕妇和围产儿不良结局发生率的差异。结果干预组的能量、蛋白质、脂肪、铁、维生素B1摄入低于对照组，且差异均具有统计学意义（t值分别为3．890、2．548、5．996、4．451、1．774，均P＜0．05）；干预组的BMI和体重增长量低于对照组，且差异均具有统计学意义（t值分别为3．242、4．086，均P＜0．05）；干预组体重增长达标59例（达标率90．65％）高于对照组的51例（达标率72．86％），体重增长超标9例（超标率14．29％）低于对照组的22例（超标率31．43％），且差异均具有统计学意义（χ2值分别为10．024和5．451，均P＜0．05）；干预组高血压发生6例（9．52％），低于对照组的16例（22．86％），剖宫产17例（26．98％），低于对照组的31例（44．29％），巨大儿2例（3．17％），低于对照组的9例（12．86％），且差异均具有统计学意义（χ2值分别为4．270、4．303、4．097，均P＜0．05）。结论有针对性膳食指导和营养管理干预可有效控制体重在正常范围内增长，并降低不良妊娠结局的发生率。

Effect of targeted dietary guidance and nutrition management on pregnancy outcomes

Objective To investigate the effect of targeted dietary guidance and nutrition management on pregnancy outcomes .Methods Totally 133 pregnant women with regular prenatal examination in Changji Vocational and Technical Collegewere selected , and they were divided into intervention group with targeted dietary guidance and nutrition management and control group randomly .Two groups were compared in nutritional indexes at late pregnancy , body weight gain and pregnancy complications , and the incidence of adverse maternal and perinatal outcomes .Results Energy, protein, fat, iron and Vitamin B1 intake of the patients in the intervention group were lower than those in the control group, and the differences were significant (t value was 3.890, 2.548, 5.996, 4.451 and 1.774, respectively, all P<0.05).The BMI and weight gain in the intervention group were lower than those in the control group , and the differences were significant (t value was 3.242 and 4.086, respectively, both P<0.05).In the intervention group there were 59 cases meeting weight growth standards (90.65%), and there were 51 cases in the control group (72.86%).There were 9 cases of exceeded weight growth (14.29%) in the intervention group and 22 cases(31.43%) in the control group, and the difference was significant (χ2 value was 10.024 and 5.451, respectively, both P<0.05).The incidence of hypertension in the intervention group (6 cases, 9.52%) was lower than that in the control group (16 cases, 22.86%),the incidence of uterine -incision delivery (17 cases, 26.98%) was lower than that of the control group (31 cases, 44.29%), and the incidence rate of macrosomia (χ2 cases, 3.17%) was lower than that of the control group (9 cases, 12.86%).The differences were statistically significant (χ2 value was 4.270,4.303 and 4.097, respectively, all P<0.05). Conclusion Targeted dietary guidance and nutrition management intervention can effectively control the growth of body weight in normal range,and reduce the incidence of adverse pregnancy outcomes .