北京市东城区2014年度流感样病例病原学检测结果分析

目的 通过分析北京市东城区2014年流感病原学检测结果,掌握该年度东城区流感病毒优势株的变化,为突发疫情提供有价值的参考.方法 收集2014年1月至12月期间流感样病例的咽拭子标本共1520件,采用实时荧光RT-PCR方法进行流感病毒的病原学检测.结果 在1520件样本中,1-3月份H3 N2的平均阳性率为8.33％,H1N1的平均阳性率为12.50％,乙型Yamagata 系(BY)的平均阳性率为16.11％.4-8月份H3N2的平均阳性率为3.06％,BY的平均阳性率为1.22％,无H1N1亚型流感检出.9-12月份H3N2平均阳性率达到21.81％.全年的聚集性疫情中,检出的毒株与相应时间段日常监测标本检出的毒株类型相一致.结论 1-3月份的流感病毒的流行株为H3N2、H1N1和BY三种亚型并存,4-8月份为流感病毒流行的低谷期,9-12月份H3N2成为优势株.流感监测是辖区流感防控重要措施,可以为流感疫情防控提供有价值的数据参考.

Pathogenic analysis of the influenza virus in Dongcheng district of Beijing, 2014

Objective To understand the dominant strains of the influenza virus in Dongcheng district of Beijing,2014 and to provide the valuable information for the management of epidemics.Methods From January to November 2014,1520 throat swabs of influenza-like illness patients were collected and detected by real-time RT-PCR.Results A total of 1520 samples were analyzed from January to March.The average positive rates of influenza H3N2,H1N1 and influenza B Yamagata (BY) were 8.33％,12.50％ and 16.11％ respectively.From April to August,the average positive rates of influenza H3N2 and BY were 3.06％ and 1.22％ respectively.No influenza H1N1 was detected.From September to December,the positive rate of influenza H3N2 increased to 21.81％.The strains found in the influenza epidemics in 2014 were always the same as the dominant subtypes detected by routine surveillance at the same period of time.Conclusions Influenza H3N2,H1N1 and BY were all the epidemic strains from January to March,H3N2 was the dominant strain from September to December.The Influenza surveillance is the most important measure for the prevention and control of the influenza virus,which can provide the scientific reference for the management of epidemics.