心理干预对支气管哮喘患者及应激哮喘大鼠免疫功能的影响

目的探讨心理干预对支气管哮喘患者及大鼠生理与免疫的影响。方法将60例患者随机分为干预组（n=30）和非干预组（n=30）,非干预组给予常规治疗,干预组在常规治疗的同时实施心理干预,检测治疗前后支气管哮喘患者唾液皮质醇和α-唾液淀粉酶活性;对应激哮喘大鼠施行音乐治疗,检测大鼠血清皮质醇、肺灌洗液IL-4和脑组织IL-1β含量。结果干预后干预组患者唾液中皮质醇水平和α-唾液淀粉酶活性与干预前比较明显下降,均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;干预后干预组患者唾液中皮质醇水平和α-唾液淀粉酶活性显著低于非干预组相同时间点,均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;音乐治疗组与应激哮喘组比较,血清皮质醇水平明显下降;应激哮喘组IL-4含量显著高于哮喘模型组,音乐治疗组较应激哮喘组明显下降,但与哮喘模型组比较无明显差异;应激哮喘组脑组织IL-1β含量显著高于正常对照组,其他各组均无明显差异,尽管音乐治疗组具有降低脑组织IL-1β含量的趋势,但统计学上仍无意义。结论心理干预可使支气管哮喘患者唾液皮质醇水平和α-唾液淀粉酶活性下降;音乐可以缓解应激对哮喘的加重作用,而对外界物理刺激诱发的哮喘无明显作用;心理干预、音乐对哮喘有一定的治疗效果。

Effect of psychological intervention on physiological and immunological indices of bronchial asthma patients and rats

Objective To explore the influence of psychological intervention on physiological and immunological indices of bronchial asthma patients and rats.Methods 60 patients with bronchial asthma were randomly divided into two groups:the intervention group(n=30) and the control group(n=30).Both groups were used conventional therapy,at the meantime the intervention group was given psychological intervention.At the beginning and end of the treatment all patients were examined salivary cortisol and α-amylase of the patients.Music theray was used to the stressed bronchial asthma rats.The serum cortisol concentrations,IL-4 in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and IL-1β in brain tissue of rats were detected.Results The levels of salivary cortisol and α-amylase in intervention group were lower after intervention than before(P<0.05),and also lower than the control group at the same points(P<0.05).The levels of serum cortisol were lower significantly in music treated group than stressed control.The levels of IL-4 in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid in stressed group were higher than non-stressed control,And which in music treated group were decreased significantly,while no significant difference was found between music treated with non-stressed.The contents of IL-1β in brain in stressed group were higher than normal control,while no significant difference were found among other groups.Conclusion psychological intervention can decrease the levels of salivary cortisol and α-amylase of bronchial asthma patients,music can decrease the effect of stress to asthma except physical stimulus induced asthma.psychological intervention and music have positive effects on asthma.