头孢菌素类注射剂致家族性过敏反应2例并文献分析

目的:探讨头孢菌素类注射剂致家族性过敏反应的因素,促进临床合理用药。方法:回顾性调查2005年9月-2010年9月急诊发生的14例头孢菌素类注射剂致药品不良反应(ADR),对其中2例家族性过敏反应进行分析,并检索分析1994-2010期刊全文数据库(CHKD)相关文献。结果:头孢菌素类致ADR主要为过敏反应,严重程度不一。2例家族性过敏反应可能与药物剂量、剂型、年龄、肾功能状态、免疫反应类型等多种因素有关。结论:医师在用药前应询问患者的过敏史及家族过敏史;临床应坚持合理用药,做好预防突发药物过敏抢救准备工作。

Literature Analysis of 2 Cases of Familial Allergic Reaction Induced by Cephalosporins Injection

OBJECTIVE：To investigate the factors of familial allergic reactions induced by Cephalosporins injection and treat measurements to improve the safety of drug use.METHODS：14 ADR cases induced by Cephalosporins injection in emergency department from Sep.2005-Sep.2010 were analyzed retrospectively,of which 2 cases of familial allergic reaction were analyzed.Related literatures during the period of 1994-2010 were retrieved from CHKD.RESULTS：Cephalosporins-induced ADR mainly manifested as allergic reaction with different degree.2 cases of familial allergic reaction may be associated with dosage,dosage form,age,kidney function and immunological reaction,etc.CONCLUSION：Clinical physicians should ask about allergic history and family allergic history of patients.Emergency department should do well preparation for prevention and rescue of sudden drug allergy and use drugs rationally.