Infective Endocarditis After Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement: JACC State-of-the-Art Review |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Madrid, Spain;2. Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, CIBERCV, Madrid, Spain;3. Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Laval University, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada;4. Department of Cardiac Surgery, University Hospital Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland;5. Infectious Diseases Service, Hospital Clinic—L’Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain;6. Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain;7. Clínic Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain;1. Cape Heart Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa;2. Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa;3. Division of Cardio-Thoracic Sciences, Sindh Institute of Urology and Transplant, Karachi, Pakistan;4. South African Medical Research Council Extramural Unit on Intersection of Noncommunicable Diseases and Infectious Diseases, Cape Town, South Africa;1. Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA;2. Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA;3. Division of Cardiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA;4. Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA;5. Minneapolis Heart Institute, Abbott Northwestern Hospital, and Minneapolis Heart Institute Foundation, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA;6. Leon H. Charney Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA;7. Division of Cardiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA;8. Division of Cardiology, Pauley Heart Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA;9. Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Hennepin Healthcare/HCMC, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA;10. Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA;11. Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA;12. Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA;13. Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA;14. Heart Failure and Biomarker Trials, Baim Institute for Clinical Research, Boston, Massachusetts, USA;1. Department of Vascular Surgery, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan;2. Department of Urology, Dokkyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan;3. Department of Urology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan;1. Department of Cardiology, Ochsner Medical Center, Ochsner Clinical School, University of Queensland, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA;2. Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA;3. Department of Interventional Cardiology, Lankenau Heart Institute, Main Line Health, Wynnewood, Pennsylvania, USA;4. Department of Radiology, Novant Health Clinical Research, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA;5. Department of Neurology, UPMC Presbyterian University Hospital, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA;6. Department of Vascular Surgery, Cleveland Clinic, Ohio, USA;7. Ballad Health CVA Heart and Vascular Institute, Kingsport, Tennessee, USA;8. Department of Cardiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA;9. CREST Interventional Management Committee, Jackson Hole, Wyoming, USA;10. UNC-Rex Healthcare, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA;11. Jacobs Institute, SUNY University at Buffalo and Kaleida Health, Buffalo, New York, USA |
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| Abstract: | Infective endocarditis (IE) is a rare but serious complication following transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). Despite substantial improvements in the TAVR procedure (less invasive) and its expansion to younger and healthier patients, the incidence of IE after TAVR remains stable, with incidence rates similar to those reported after surgical aortic valve replacement. Although IE after TAVR is recognized as a subtype of prosthetic valve endocarditis, this condition represents a particularly challenging scenario given its unique clinical and microbiological profile, the high incidence of IE-related complications, the uncertain role of cardiac surgery, and the dismal prognosis in most patients with TAVR-IE. The number of TAVR procedures is expected to grow exponentially in the coming years, increasing the number of patients at risk of developing this life-threatening complication. Therefore, a detailed understanding of this disease and its complications will be essential to improve clinical outcomes. |
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