正常甲状旁腺的高频超声表现

目的：探讨正常甲状旁腺高频超声检查的显示率、探查技巧、显示部位及超声表现。方法：应用高频超声检查300例健康体检者的甲状旁腺，记录其大小、形态、部位、数量、内部回声及血流情况，对检查的结果进行整理分析。结果：300例体检者中共检出甲状旁腺465枚，其中显示4枚者12例、3枚者27例、2枚者139例、1枚者58例，未显示者64例，显示率为78.7%（236/300）；正常甲状旁腺可呈椭圆形（73.5%）、梭形（18.1%）或不规则形（8.4%）；回声可呈高回声（78.3%）、低回声（16.5%）或等回声（5.2%）；彩色多普勒血流显像（CDFI）表现为无血流（81.9%）或少量血流（17.9%），仅1例为丰富血流（0.2%）；纵切扫查时，甲状旁腺多位于甲状腺侧叶后缘及下极附近，横切扫查时，多位于甲状腺侧叶后缘，气管与颈总动脉之间的区域。结论：正常甲状旁腺的高频超声显示率较高，常表现为椭圆形高回声、无或乏血流信号。

High-frequency ultrasonographic features of normal parathyroid glands

Objective: To evaluate the detecting rate,scanning techniques,locations and sonographic features of normal parathyroid gland by high frequency ultrasonography.Methods: High-frequency ultrasonography was used to detect parathyroid glands in 300 cases of healthy volunteers.The size,shape,position,number,internal echo and blood flow of normal parathyroid glands were carefully documented and analyzed.Results: Altogether 465 parathyroid glands were found in 300 cases of healthy volunteers.Among them,4 glands were detected in 12 cases,3 glands in 27 cases,2 glands in 139 cases,1 gland in 58 cases and no gland was detected in 64 cases,with the detecting rate of 78.7%(236/300).Normal parathyroid glands have three shapes: oval(73.5%),spindle(18.1%),irregular(8.4%),and there are three kinds of echoes: hyperechoic(78.3%),hypoechoic(16.5%) and isoechoic(5.2%).Color Doppler flow imaging(CDFI) showed no blood flow(81.9%),little blood flow(17.9%) and abundant blood flow(only one case).On longitudinal scanning section,parathyroid glands mostly locate near the posterior border of the lateral thyroid lobe and inferior pole;on horizontal scanning section,they mostly locate at the posterior border of lateral lobe of thyroid,which stand between the trachea and the common carotid artery.Conclusions: Normal parathyroid glands can be detected by high-frequency ultrasonography and they commonly appear as oval hyperechoic lesions with no or little blood flow.