肝窦内皮细胞与肝窦毛细血管化研究进展

肝窦内皮细胞具有开放的、没有横膈膜的窗孔，内皮下没有基底膜。这种结构有利于调控肝细胞与肝窦血液的物质交换。肝窦内皮细胞能分泌内皮素-1和一氧化氮，并通过窗孔的变化，对肝脏微循环进行调节，同时可分泌大量的形成基底膜的成分，在肝窦毛细血管化的过程中起主导作用。肝窦内皮细胞表型标志发生变化，Ⅷ因子相关抗原、CD44等表达增强，也是肝窦毛细血管化的重要标志。笔者对肝窦内皮细胞的结构及其在肝窦毛细血管化中的功能和表型变化进行综述。

Research progress of hepatic sinusoidal endothelial cells and hepatic sinusoidal capillarization

The hepatic sinusoidal endothelial cell （HSEC） possesses open fenestraes lacking a diaphragm and a basal lamina underneath the endothelium, which facilitate the substance exchange between hepatocytes and hepatic sinus blood flow. Hepatic mic- rocirculation can be regulated by HSEC secreting endothelin-1 and nitric oxide and the changes in the diameter and number of HSEC fenestraes. Meanwhile, the HSEC can play an important role in hepatic sinusoidal capillarization by secreting plenty of essen- tial components of basement membrane. The changes of phenotypic markers of the HSEC and the increased expressions of factor Ⅷ related antigen and CD44 result in hepatic sinusoidal capillarization as well. The paper focuses on the structure of the HSEC and its function and the changes of phenotypic markers in hepatic sinusoidal capillarization.