老年高血压与糖尿病共病患者的不良情绪与相关因素

目的 探讨社区老年高血压与糖尿病共病患者的焦虑、抑郁及其影响因素。方法 采用整群取样的方法,以焦虑自评量表和抑郁自评量表对某城市三个社区共600名老年人(≥ 60岁)进行入户问卷调查和体格检查。根据医疗记录将被试者分为对照组、高血压组、糖尿病组和高血压与糖尿病共病组。结果 共病组腰身指数显著高于对照组(P<0.01)、高血压组(P<0.01)和糖尿病组(P<0.05)。高血压组与共病组焦虑和抑郁得分都显著高于对照组(P<0.01)。相关分析显示,性别、文化程度、收入、病种/病程与焦虑相关,性别、年龄、文化程度、婚姻状况、收入、病种、病程、腰身指数、收缩压与抑郁相关。回归分析显示,文化程度、收缩压、糖尿病负向预测焦虑(P<0.01),病程正向预测焦虑(P<0.01);年龄、病程正向预测抑郁(P<0.05),文化程度、收入水平负向预测抑郁(P<0.01)。结论 社区老年高血压与糖尿病共病患者存在明显的焦虑、抑郁和更为异常的生理指标。患病种类和病程与焦虑和抑郁显著相关。年龄、文化程度、收入水平、疾病种类、收缩压和病程是不良情绪的预测因子。

Negative emotion and related factors in elderly patients with comorbidity of hypertension and diabetes

Objective To explore negative emotions such as anxiety and depression and related factors for elderly patients with comorbidity of hypertension and diabetes. Methods A total of 600 elderly people (aged over 60) were enrolled in the survey. All subjects filled in anxiety self-rating scale, depression self rating scale and underwent physical examination. Results According to medical records, the subjects were divided into the control group, hypertension group, diabetes group and comorbidity of hypertension and diabetes group. The comorbidity group had higher level of waist-to-height ratio than the other groups (P<0.01). Compared with control group, hypertension group and comorbidity group had obvious anxiety and depression (P<0.01). The correlation analysis showed that gender, educational level, income, type and course of diseases were associated with anxiety; gender, age, educational level, marital status, income, type and course of diseases, waist-to-height ratio, and systolic blood pressure were associated with depression. Regression analysis showed that the educational level, systolic blood pressure and diabetes were negative predictors of anxiety (P<0.01), while course of disease was a positive predictor of anxiety (P<0.01); age and course of disease were positive predictors of depression (P<0.05), while educational level and income level were negative predictors of depression (P<0.01). Conclusion Elderly patients with comorbidity of hypertension and diabetes show obvious anxiety, depression and abnormal physiological indexes. Type and course of disease are significantly associated withanxiety and depression. Age, education level, income level, type and course of disease, and systolic blood pressure are predictors of negative emotions.