广东省1990～1999年细菌性痢疾流行病学分析

目的　了解广东省细菌性痢疾 (菌痢 )流行因素 ,探讨相应的预防措施。方法　根据广东省疫情统计资料 ,对该省 1 990～ 1 999年菌痢流行概况进行分析。结果　 1 990～ 1 999年全省共报告菌痢 1 4 61 1 0例 ,年均发病率 2 1 2 3/十万 ,死亡 79例 ,年均死亡率 0 0 1 2 /十万 ,病死率 0 0 5%。其中 1 990～1 992年平均发病率在 2 6 1 1 /十万～ 2 7 2 1 /十万之间 ,1 993～ 1 998年为 1 8 85/十万～ 2 2 1 5/十万 ,1 999年降至 1 5 53/十万 ;2 1个地级市平均发病率最高的是粤北山区的清远和珠江三角洲的珠海市 ,分别为 54 57/十万和 52 30 /十万 ,粤北的韶关和三角洲的深圳、江门、东莞、中山、广州、佛山、惠州和粤西的湛江、茂名的平均发病率亦较高 ,在 1 8 33/十万～ 4 1 81 /十万之间 ;病例以儿童为主 ,1 0岁以下儿童病例数占病例总数 4 8 37%。结论　广东省 1 990～ 1 999年菌痢流行强度呈平缓下降趋势 ,粤北山区及珠江三角洲发病率较高 ;1 0岁以下儿童是重点保护对象。建议在有条件的地区对重点人群开展痢疾菌苗的免疫预防接种。

Epidemiological Analysis on Bacterial Dysentery in Guangdong Province from 1990 to 1999

Objective To investigate the epidemiological factor of bacterial dysentery in Guangdong Province and to discuss the prevention and control measures . Method Statistical analysis was conducted based on the epidemiological data collected from 1990 to 1999.Results A total number of 146 110 cases of bacterial dysentery was reported during 1990 to 1999, with a annual average incidence of 21.23 1100000 and 79 cases died with a mortality of 0.012/100000. The incidence retes were from 26.11/100000 to 27.21/100000 in 1990-1992, 18.85/100000 to 22.15/100000 in 1993-1998, and 15.53/100000 in 1999.Qingyuan and zhuhai ranked the top two in 21 prefectwres,with the incidences of 54.57/100000 and 52.30/100000 respectively,followed by Shaoguan, Shenzhen ,Jiangmen,Dongguan ,Zhongshan, Guangzhou ,Foshan ,Huizhou, Zhanjiang and Maoming with the incidences ranging from 18.33/100000 to 41.81/100000. Cases were mainly found in children, especially under 10 years old,acounting for 48.37% the total cases. Conclusion The incidence of bacterial dysentery dropped smoothly in Guangdong Province from 1990 to 1999.The disease was more common in the pearl River Delta and the northern mountain areas.Children under ten years old are the major populetion to be protected.Vaccination is recommended if possible.