基于超声定位的火器贯穿伤标准化动物损伤模型的构建

目的:基于超声定位技术,构建一种模拟真实战场环境下的股动脉火器贯穿伤标准化动物损伤模型.方法:选择体质量指数与人体相当的10只长白猪作为实验对象,采用定制弹道步枪和欧盟制式子弹作为致伤武器,使用自制超声引导定位架作为辅助血管定位装置.采用超声探头定位实验动物左侧股动脉血管位置,利用超声引导定位架和致伤架将实验动物的股动...

Construction of standardized animal model for firearm penetration injuries based on ultrasound localization

Objective To construct a standardized animal model for femoral artery firearm penetration injuries in a virtual reality battlefield based on ultrasound localization techniques.Methods Ten landraces with a body mass index comparable to that of humans were selected as the experimental subjects.A customized ballistic rifle and an EU standard bullet were used as the wounding weapons,and a home-made ultrasound-guided positioning frame was employed as an auxiliary vascular positioning device.An ultrasound probe was applied to locating the left femoral artery vasculatures of the landraces,and the centers of the femoral artery vasculatures were adjusted to the ballistic trajectory of the bullet using the ultrasound-guided locating frame and the wounding frame to cause injury.The blood loss in vitro was calculated for 20 s of free bleeding,the diameters at the ballistic entrance and exit of the ballway on the body surface and the ballistic depth in vivo were measured,and the damage to the femoral artery was observed by autopsy.Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 26.0 software.Results A relatively stable standardized animal model of femoral artery firearm penetration injuries could be constructed using a home-made ultrasound-guided positioning frame with a success rate of about 90%(9/10);the mean diameter of the ballistic entrance on the body surface of the experimental animals was(7.20±1.03)mm and the mean diameter of the exit was(93.30±33.06)mm,which were statistically significantly different(t=-8.16,P=0.000);the mean ballistic depth in the experimental animals was(191.8±25.5)mm;the mean blood loss after 20 s of injury was(478.00±267.48)and(111.50±45.32)g in the dead and surviving experimental animals respectively,and the difference was not statistically significant(t=-2.75,P=0.070).Conclusion The standardized animal model of femoral artery firearm penetration injuries constructed using a home-made ultrasound-guided positioning frame has a high success rate,high repeatability and high stability of the experimental animal injury conditions,which can provide a reliable model basis for the development of new hemostatic materials and devices.