北京地区黑线姬鼠对杀鼠灵抗药性的测定

目的检测北京市顺义区黑线姬鼠对第一代抗凝血灭鼠剂杀鼠灵的抗药性。方法实验室配制0．02％杀鼠灵玉米粉毒饵，采用6d无选择摄毒法。结果杀鼠灵对33只黑线姬鼠毒杀率为63．64％，死亡鼠平均食毒（76．91±34．76）mg／kg，平均致死时间（7．23±2．51）d；存活鼠平均食毒（106．79±26．68）mg／kg；抗性发生率为36．36％。结论（1）直接使用第二代抗凝血灭鼠剂20年后，北京市顺义地区黑线姬鼠对第一代抗凝血灭鼠剂杀鼠灵也产生了抗性，并形成抗性种群；（2）试鼠对杀鼠灵的敏感区间雌鼠大于雄鼠；幼体鼠与老体鼠抗性发生率显著高于亚成年及成年试鼠。建议推广6d无选择摄毒抗性检测法，以监测害鼠对抗凝血类灭鼠剂的抗性发生情况；采用多种方法综合控制鼠害以减轻对药物的依赖性，延长抗凝血类灭鼠剂使用寿命。

Testing of resistance of the striped field mouse of Beijing to warfarin

Objective To test the resistance to warfarin by the striped field mouse （Apodemus agrarius） captured from Shunyi district of Beijing. Methods 33 mice were given the bait which contained 0.02% warfarin in 6 consecutive days with no-choice way in laboratory. Results The warfarin bait caused 63.64% mortality, the average ingestion of poison of dead mice was （76.91 ± 34.76）mg/kg and the average lethal time was （7.23 ± 2.51）d. The resistant percentage was 36.36% and the average ingestion of poison of survival individuals was （ 106.79 ± 26.68） mg/kg. Conclusion （1） The striped field mouse from Shunyi district has become resistant to warfarin after 20 years＇ application of the second generation of anticoagulant rodenticides, which resulted in the resistant group; （2） The female mouse has broader sensitivity range than the male one; the juvenile and old group have higher resistance than adult and sub-adult ones. It is suggested that the no-choice of six-day feeding resistance test program is suitable for monitoring the resistance to anticoagulant rodenticides by rodents and integrative methods are necessary to reduce resistance of rodents and to prolong the time of using anticoagulant rodenticides.