Ovarian borderline tumours and carcinomas: an update

In the 5^th edition of the World Health Organization (WHO) Classification of Female Genital Tumours, published in 2020, the emphasis on accurate diagnosis of ovarian borderline tumours and carcinomas based on cell type (histotype) continues. The different histotypes of ovarian epithelial tumours are not just morphological variants of the same disease but are different diseases, associated with critically important differences in precursor lesions, risk factors, patterns of spread, molecular pathology and response to treatment. Thus accurate histopathological diagnosis remains the cornerstone of patient care. This review provides an overview of recent advances in our understanding of this important family of tumours and provides guidance on how to translate this information into practice.