山东省日照地区错畸形调查分析

目的：调查分析山东省日照地区10所中学600名中学生的错畸形情况。方法选择2013年上半学期山东省日照地区10所中学的600名中学生进行调查，包括男生311名，女生289名，采取儿童填写调查问卷及专业医师口腔检查相结合的方式进行，采用室内自然光线，口内直视检查及问诊，并作记录，同时计算错畸形患病率与性别的关系；各种安氏分类的构成比、各种错畸形的类型构成与各种不良口腔习惯的关系等。结果600名中学生中，正常者有210名，错者有390名，患病率为65.0%。其中男生错畸形有198名，患病率为63.7%（198/311），女生错畸形有178名，患病率为61.6%（178/289），男女性别间患病率比较，差异无统计学意义（χ^2=1.034，P〉0.05）。安氏分类构成结果显示，在390名错畸形患者中，安氏Ⅰ类234名（60.0%），安氏Ⅱ类98名（25.1%），安氏Ⅲ类58名（14.9%）。错畸形的类型构成结果显示，在各种错畸形的类型中，牙列拥挤所占比例最大，〈35.9%，其次为上颌前突及深覆盖、牙错位或扭转、深覆。不良口腔习惯统计结果显示，390名错畸形中学生中，口呼吸、咬唇、偏侧咀嚼、咬物习惯、吮指和吐舌习惯均超过50.0%。结论山东省日照市地区中学生恒牙列错畸形患病率高，临床表现复杂多样，这与日常口腔用牙的生活习惯关系密切。因此在以后的工作中应加强预防错畸形的宣传教育，对已出现的错畸形及时矫治，做到早防早治，提高儿童的口腔健康水平。

Analysis of fault occlusal deformity of Rizhao area in Shandong province

Objective To investigate and analyze the fault occlusal deformity of 600 middle school students in 10 secondary schools of Rizhao area in Shandong Province. Methods 600 middle school students from 2013 half semester in 10 secondary schools of Rizhao city in shandong province were selected,the survey was conducted including male 311, female 289, combining way of questionnaires and medical professional oral cavity were taken for the children,with them in the indoor natural light,mouth inside look check and interrogation,at the same time calculation wrong occlusal malformation rates and gender relations were recorded,the composition of various Ann classification,all kinds of wrong occlusal type structure of the malformation,and various relations of poor oral habits,etc were compared. Results In 600 middle school students,normal occlusal students were 210 cases,wrong occlusal students were 390 cases,the prevalence was 65.0%.The boys with fault occlusal deformity was 198 cases,prevalence was 63.7%（198/311）,girls with fault oc-clusal deformity was 178 cases,prevalence was 61.6%（178/289）,the prevalence compared between male and female gender,there was no statistically significant difference（chisquare=1.034, P〉0.05）.The results of Ann classification structure showed that,390 patients with fault occlusal deformity,there were 234 cases （60.0%） of Ann Ⅰ class,98 cases （25.1%） were AnnII class,58 cases（14.9%） were AnnⅢ class.The results of fault of occlusal malformation type showed that,in the various fault type of occlusal deformity,and dental column crowded was the largest,proportion was about 35.9%,followed by upper jaw thrust forward and deep coverage,teeth dislocation or reverse,deep overburden occlusal.The results of bad oral habits showed that,390 cases with the fault occlusal deformity in the middle school students,mouth breath-ing,bite lips,partial lateral chewing,biting habit,suck and tongue habits were all more than 50.0%. Conclusion The prevalence rate of middle school students with