南京市市售蔬菜硝酸盐和亚硝酸盐污染状况分析

目的:掌握南京市市售蔬菜中硝酸盐和亚硝酸盐的污染情况,为蔬菜供应安全及安全生产管理提供理论依据.方法:在南京市农贸市场和蔬菜批发市场共11个采集点采集44种蔬菜样品980份,用国标法(GB/T5009.33)分析蔬菜中的硝酸盐和亚硝酸盐含量.结果:不同种类蔬菜中硝酸盐含量差别较大,硝酸盐的含量依次为特菜类＞叶菜类＞茎类＞块根类＞瓜菜类＞甘蓝类＞果菜类＞豆类＞鳞茎类＞菌类；同一类别不同品种蔬菜中硝酸盐含量差别亦较大,从几倍至几十倍；检测的样品中,硝酸盐处于严重污染状态的占28.16％.蔬菜中亚硝酸盐含量相对较低,其含量与蔬菜的新鲜程度有关.结论:南京市市售蔬菜中硝酸盐污染较为严重,应引起足够重视,加强监督管理.

Analysis of situation of vegetable nitrate and nitrite pollution in Nanjing

Objective： The nitrate and nitrite contents in commercial vegetables were investigated in Nanjing in order to provide the theory basis for security of vegetables supply and vegetable production and management. Methods： The vegetable samples were collected in 11 markets, and 980 samples in 44 groups of vegetables were analyzed according to GB/T5009.33. Results： The contents of nitrate in different categories differed greatly, and arranged in the following descendent order： special vegetables 〉leafy vegetables 〉stem vegetables 〉root vegetables 〉Melons vegetables 〉cabbage vegetables 〉fruit vegetable 〉beans 〉bulb vegetables〉fungi vegetables. The contents of nitrate in different varieties also differed greatly by several to several dozen times in the same category. The prevalence of severe contamination was 28.16% in samples analyzed. The nitrite in vegetables was comparably low, however it was found that the content of nitrite was related with the freshness of vegetables. Conclusions： Nitrate pollution of commercial vegetables in Nanjing was serious. We should attract enough attention and strengthen supervision and management.