甲状腺自身抗体联合测定在Graves病与桥本甲状腺功能亢进症鉴别诊断中的意义

目的　探讨和鉴别Graves病和桥本甲状腺功能亢进症 (甲亢 ) ,提高临床检出率。方法　对临床诊断为甲亢患者 ,进行甲状腺细针细胞学检查 ,其中Graves病 49例 ,男 2 0例 ,女 2 9例 ,平均年龄 41± 1 1岁 ,桥本甲亢 2 2例 ,男 5例 ,女 1 7例 ,平均年龄 39± 1 2岁 ;分别对其进行甲状腺自身抗体 ,甲状腺过氧化物酶抗体 (TPOAb) ,甲状腺微粒体抗体 (TMA) ,甲状腺球蛋白抗体 (TGA) ,促甲状腺素受体抗体 (TRAb)、游离三碘甲状腺原氨酸 (FT3)、游离四碘甲状腺原氨酸 (FT4)联合测定 ,分析这些抗体在Graves病组 ,桥本甲亢组中的变化及与甲状腺功能 ,以及与甲状腺大小的关系。结果　Graves病组TRAb、FT3水平明显高于桥本甲亢组 ,差异有显著意义 ,其TRAb、TPOAb、TMA、TGA的阳性率分别为 83 67%、75 51 %、57 1 4 %、48 98% ,TPOAb与TGA的双项阳性率为 48 98%。桥本甲亢组TRAb阳性率为 1 3 64 % ,其余阳性率均为 86 36 % ,TPOAb与TGA的双项阳性率为86 36 % ,明显高于Graves病组。相关性分析显示 ,TRAb与FT3呈显著正相关 ,双侧甲状腺弥漫性、对称性增大与FT3、TRAb正相关。结论　对TRAb、TPOAb、TGA、FT3进行综合判断分析 ,才能有助于Graves病与桥本甲亢的鉴别诊断

Significance of combining tests of thyroid autoantibodies in differential diagnosis between Graves's disease and Hashimoto's hyperthyroidism

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the differential diagnosis between Graves's disease and Hashimoto's hyperthyroidism to improve positive diagnostic rate in Hashimoto's hyperthyroidism, to facilitate proper management. METHODS: Cytological examination was conducted by fine needle biopsy (FNB) on the thyroids of patients with hyperthyroidism diagnosed by clinical data, including 22 cases of Hashimoto's hyperthyroidism, 5 males and 17 females, aged 39 +/- 12, and 49 cases of Graves's disease, 20 males and 29 females, aged 41 +/- 11. Thyroid auto-antibodies-thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPOAb), thyroid microsomal antibody (TMA), thyroglobulin antibody (TGA), thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor antibody (TRAb), and free serum triiodothyronine (FT3), free thyroxin (FT4), and serum thyroid-stimulating hormone (S-TSH) were tested. The correlation between the pathology of thyroid and different autoantibodies and thyroid hormone was analyzed. RESULTS: TRAb was 42.28 +/- 75.89 in Graves disease group, significantly higher than that in Hashimoto's hyperthyroidism group (5.77 +/- 12.69, P < 0.001). FT3 was 16.13 +/- 9.95, significantly higher than that in Hashimoto's hyperthyroidism group (9.54 +/- 6.76, P < 0.01). In Graves's disease group the positive rates for TRAb, TPOAb, TMA, and TGA were 83.67%, 75.51%, 57.14% and 48.98% respectively. In Hashimoto's hyperthyroidism group, the positive rate for TRAb was 13.64%, and the positive rates for the rest autoantibodies were all 86.36%. The double positive rate of TPOAb and TGA was 86.36% in Hashimoto's hyperthyroidism group, significantly higher than that in Graves's disease group (48.98%). There was a positive association between TRAb and FT3, and between diffuse and symmetric increased size of thyroid and FT3 TRAb. CONCLUSION: Comprehensive analysis of TRAb, TPOAb, TGA, and FT3 is helpful to the differential diagnosis between Graves's disease and Hashimoto's hyperthyroidism.