开放性眼球损伤109例的临床流行病学分析

目的对开放性眼球损伤的眼外伤患者进行临床流行病学探讨。方法选取1990/2000间我院住院眼外伤患者1087例(1233眼),其中开放性眼球损伤109例(109眼),记录患者年龄、性别、职业、受伤原因、时间与就诊时间、视力、眼球被伤部位、大小、有无虹膜嵌顿、有无白内障、前房积血、玻璃体脱出及治疗情况。结果开放性眼球损伤发生率8.92%,16～45岁年龄层占59.62%,0～7岁年龄组发生率也占13.76%,男女比例为8.08∶1,受伤职业上工人(包括建筑工地的临时工,乡镇企业工人)明显多于其他行业。治疗后视力恢复与受伤原因、部位、就诊时间、及时处理预防并发症关系密切。结论近年来,开放性眼外伤有增加趋势,应加强防护。要培训基层医务人员掌握现场抢救知识,如医疗条件不够,迅速转院,努力降低开放性眼球损伤的发生率,有效减少受伤后的致盲率。

A clinical epidemiological survey on 109 patients with open ocular trauma

Aim To discuss the cases of open ocular trauma from the perspective o f clinical epidemiology. Methods Among the 1087 cases (1233 eyes) of ocular tra uma in No.454 hospital of PLA, 109 are of open ocular trauma. Age, gender, vocat ion, cause and time of injury, time of treatment, vision, location of trauma, co mplications such as iridoptosis, cataract, hyphema, internal vitreous prolapse, as well as the treatment were observed. Results The occurrence rate of open ocu lar trauma was 13.76%. Proportion of male patients to female patients was 8.01:1 . Injured workers were distinctively more than people in other fields. Vision re covery was closely related to cause, location and time of trauma as well as comp lications. Conclusion Recently, open ocular trauma has a trend of increasing, s o it is necessary to strengthen protections against it and to train doctors in b asic hospitals. Severe cases should be transferred to big hospitals in time to r educe blindness rate.