过敏性皮肤病患者斑贴试验结果分析及临床意义

目的研究过敏性皮肤病患者斑贴试验结果及临床意义.方法对254例湿疹、56例慢性荨麻疹、28例特应性皮炎患者进行斑贴试验检测.结果三组患者中阳性率较高的致敏原有四种物质相同,分别为硫酸镍、重铬酸甲、卡巴混合物、芳香混合物;特应性皮炎组阳性率(64.29%)明显低于湿疹组(79.92%),慢性荨麻疹(76.79%)与湿疹二组阳性率之间差异无显著性.结论过敏性皮肤病患者阳性率较高的致敏原具有相同性;硫酸镍、重铬酸甲、卡巴混合物、芳香混合物具有较高的致敏性;斑贴试验主要用于检测外源性变应原,特应性皮炎的病因可能以内源性为主;接触性过敏原可以引起接触性荨麻疹;斑贴试验阳性致敏原常是引起面部湿疹、手湿疹的致病因素.

Analysis and Clinical Significance of the Patch Testing in Patients with Eczema,Urticaria and Atopic Dermatitis

Objective To investigate the texting results and clinical significance of the patch testing in some allergic diseases. Methods The patch testing was applied in 254 patients with eczema, 56 patients with chronic urticaria(CU) and 28 patients with atopic dermatitis(AD). Results It was found that 64.29% (18/28) patients with AD, 76.79% (43 /56 ) patients with CU and 79.92% (203/254 ) patients with eczema had at least one positive reaction in the 20 allergens tested. Nickel sulfate, potassium dichromate, Carba mixtuer, fragrance mixture were found to have higher positive rate in all the patients. Conclusion Nickel sulfate, potassium dichromate, Carba mixture and fragrance mixture are the most common allergens which may be causes of the eczema, AD and CU, especially on hand and face. Patch testing is useful to find the contact allergens both in the patients with eczema and atopic dermatitis. Contact allergens may also take part in the pathogenesis of CU, which cause the contact urticaria.