The evolving role of surface electromyography in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: A systematic review |
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| Affiliation: | UK Dementia Research Institute, Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College, London, UK |
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| Abstract: | ![]()
ObjectiveAmyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is an adult-onset neurodegenerative disease that leads to inexorable motor decline and a median survival of three years from symptom onset. Surface EMG represents a major technological advance that has been harnessed in the development of novel neurophysiological biomarkers. We have systematically reviewed the current application of surface EMG techniques in ALS.MethodsWe searched PubMed to identify 42 studies focusing on surface EMG and its associated analytical methods in the diagnosis, prognosis and monitoring of ALS patients.ResultsA wide variety of analytical techniques were identified, involving motor unit decomposition from high-density grids, motor unit number estimation and measurements of neuronal hyperexcitability or neuromuscular architecture. Some studies have proposed specific diagnostic and prognostic criteria however clinical calibration in large ALS cohorts is currently lacking. The most validated method to monitor disease is the motor unit number index (MUNIX), which has been implemented as an outcome measure in two ALS clinical trials.ConclusionSurface EMG offers significant practical and analytical flexibility compared to invasive techniques. To capitalise on this fully, emphasis must be placed upon the multi-disciplinary collaboration of clinicians, bioengineers, mathematicians and biostatisticians.SignificanceSurface EMG techniques can enrich effective biomarker development in ALS. |
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| Keywords: | Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis Surface electromyography Biomarker Motor neuron disorders ADM" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" k0030" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" abductor digiti minimi ALS" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" k0040" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" amyotrophic lateral sclerosis ALS-FRS" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" k0050" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" ALS-Functional Rating Scale APB" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" k0060" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" abductor pollicis brevis BFS" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" k0070" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" benign fasciculation syndrome CI" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" k0080" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" clustering index CMAP" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" k0090" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" compound muscle action potential FMF" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" k0100" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" fine motor function FP" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" k0110" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" fasciculation potential (HD)SEMG" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" k0120" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" (high-density) surface electromyography IFI" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" k0130" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" inter-FP interval IQR" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" k0140" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" inter-quartile range IZ" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" k0150" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" innervation zone MD" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" k0160" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" multiplet discharge MFCV" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" k0170" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" muscle fibre conduction velocity MMN" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" k0180" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" multifocal motor neuropathy MU" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" k0190" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" motor unit MUAP" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" k0200" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" motor unit action potential MUNE" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" k0210" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" motor unit number estimate MUNIX" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" k0220" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" motor unit number index MUSIX" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" k0230" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" motor unit size index NEMG" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" k0240" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" needle electromyography SDTC" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" k0250" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" strength-duration time constant SPiQE" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" k0260" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" surface potential quantification engine SVC" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" k0270" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" slow vital capacity TEd" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" k0280" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" depolarizing threshold electrotonus TMS" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" k0290" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" transcranial magnetic stimulation |
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