2019年广西壮族自治区城乡饮用水水质监测结果分析

目的了解和掌握广西壮族自治区城乡供水水质状况,为政府及有关部门决策提供科学依据。方法从“全国饮用水水质监测信息系统”导出本区2019年城乡饮用水水质监测数据。其中供水信息通过查阅资料、现场调查等方式收集;水样采集、保存、运输和检测按《生活饮用水标准检验方法》(GB/T 5750-2006)进行;水质检测结果按《生活饮用水卫生标准》(GB 5749-2006)进行评价。结果2019年本区市政供水、城市自建设施供水、二次供水、农村集中式供水水质综合合格率分别为96.85%、65.33%、89.95%和63.18%;各项水质指标项次总体合格率分别达到99.90%、96.98%、99.67%和97.54%;微生物指标类别合格率则分别为99.52%、85.14%、98.37%和83.98%。市政供水出厂水和末梢水水质合格率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);农村集中式供水出厂水水质合格率则高于末梢水,差异有统计学意义(χ^2=6.165,P<0.05)。不同水源类型比较,在农村显示出以地下水为水源供水水质合格率较高,差异有统计学意义(χ^2=17.941,P<0.05);城市供水则差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。不同水期水质合格率比较,市政供水各季度水质总的合格率以第4季度最高(97.95%),其余依次为第1季度、第2季度,以第3季度最低(95.91%);农村集中式供水丰水期水质合格率高于枯水期,差异均有统计学意义(χ^2=93.191,P<0.05)。结论本区城市市政供水水质总体情况较好,二次供水水质达标率低于市政供水;城市自建设施供水、农村集中式供水达标率较低,微生物污染是主要原因。相关管理部门和监管单位要加强供水卫生管理,保障生活饮用水的卫生安全。

Monitoring results analysis of drinking water in urban and rural areas of Guangxi,2019

Objective To understand the current status of drinking water quality in Guangxi autonomous region based on monitoring results and support government's policy-making.Methods Guangxi Province data 2019 were exported form the National Drinking Water Monitoring Information System.The information of the water supplies were obtained from data collection and on-site survey.All drinking water samples were collected,preserved,transported,tested and evaluated according to the national standards.Results The overall qualified percentage of municipal centralized water,urban self-built facilities water,secondary water supply and rural centralized water supply systems were 96.85%,65.33%,89.95%,63.18%respectively,and the overall acceptance rate of all water quality indicators were 99.90%,96.98%,99.67%,97.54%,and the qualified rate of microbial indexes were 99.52%,85.14%,98.37%,83.98%,there was no significant difference between the overall qualified percentage of finished water and the tap water for the municipal water supplies(P>0.05).The overall qualified percentage of the finished water for the rural concentrated water supply was significantly higher than that of the tap water(χ^2=6.165,P<0.05).The overall qualified percentage of rural water samples sourced from groundwater was higher than that sourced from surface water(χ^2=17.941,P<0.05),while it was not statistically significant in urban area(P>0.05).The overall qualified percentage of samples collected from municipal water supplies saw the highest in the fourth quarter(97.95%),followed by the first quarter,the third quarter,and the lowest one was in the second quarter(95.91%).The overall qualified percentage of rural water samples in wet period was higher than that in dry period,the difference was statistcally significant(χ^2=93.191,P<0.05).Conclusion The overall situation of municipal centralized water in Guangxi is relatively acceptable,the compliance rate of secondary water supply is lower than that of municipal water supply,the qualified rates of urban self-built water supply facilities and rural centralized water supplies is lower,and microbial aspect is the main cause for the unqualified water quality.Drinking Water quality hygienic management should be strengthened to ensure safe drinking water.