深圳市中学生自杀倾向危险因素分析

目的探讨深圳市中学生自杀倾向发生率及其相关危险因素。方法采用分层整群抽样法，以中学生情绪及相关问题调查表、贝克抑郁量表和自杀行为问卷一修订版为工具对4177名中学生进行调查，结果进行多元逐步回归分析。结果自杀意念终生发生率、自杀计划发生率和自杀未遂终生发生率分别为42．40％、7．92％和1．46％。多元逐步回归分析显示：与自杀意念相关的因素为抑郁情绪、抑郁家族史、父母婚姻关系差、自杀家族史、独生子女、高年级学生和家庭经济状况差；与自杀计划相关的因素为抑郁情绪、母亲文化程度高、自杀家族史、家庭经济状况差和学习成绩差等因素；与自杀未遂相关的因素为抑郁情绪和父母婚姻关系差。结论深圳市中学生自杀倾向发生率高，抑郁情绪、父母婚姻关系差、有抑郁家族史、有自杀家族史和家庭经济状况差是发生自杀倾向的主要危险因素，应引起社会与家庭的高度重视，积极采取相应措施加以干预，尽量减少自杀发生。

An analysis on risk factors of suicide tendency among middle school students in Shenzhen

Objective To study the suicide tendency and its risk factors among middle school students in Shenzhen. Methods The survey on suicide was carried out in Shenzhen by cluster random sampling method. A total of 4177 middle school students were assessed with self - designed questionnaire, Beck Depression Inventory and Suicide Behavior Questionaire- Revised（SBQ）. The data were analyzed with stepwise regression analysis. Results The lifetime preva- lence rates of suicide ideation, suicide plan and suicide attempt were 42.40% ,7.92% and 1.46% respectively. The stepwise regression analysis showed that：suicide ideation was related with depression, family history of depression, poor parental marital relationship, family history of suicidal, one - child family, high - grade students and poor economic con- dition. Suicide plan was related with depression, high educational level of mothers, family history of suicidal, poor eco- nomic conditions and poor academic performance. Suicide attempt was related with depression and poor parental marital relationship. Conclusion The prevalence of suicide tendency among middle school students in Shenzhen would be high. The depression, poor parental marital relationship, family history of depression, family history of suicidal and poor eco- nomic condition are main risk factors of suicide tendency ,which should be paid attention by society and family. Effective measures should be taken to prevent possible suicide as early as possible.