重庆市丰都县、开县动物鼠疫流行病学调查

目的对三峡库区丰都县和开县进行动物鼠疫流行病学调查,了解其主要宿主动物和媒介蚤类的种群构成及数量分布情况。方法采用笼夜法捕鼠,对捕获鼠类及检获蚤类进行鉴定;计算鼠带蚤率和蚤指数;用鼠疫IHA法检测鼠疫F1抗体。结果①宿主动物调查:丰都县捕获鼠形动物195只,鼠密度5.13,啮齿目动物71只,分1科4属7种,食虫目动物124只,为1科1属1种;开县共捕获鼠形动物193只,鼠密度3.56。啮齿目动物161只,分1科4属6种,食虫目动物32只,为1科1属1种;②鼠体蚤指数:丰都县获鼠蚤339匹,染蚤率39.50%,蚤指数1.74,鼠体蚤经鉴定分4科4属4种;开县获鼠蚤107匹,染蚤率15.03%,蚤指数0.55,鼠体蚤经鉴定分3科3属3种。③地面游离蚤指数:丰都县共布放3000张粘蚤纸,没有捕获地面蚤;开县共布放3000张粘蚤纸,捕获地面蚤6匹,蚤指数0.002。④鼠疫血清学检查:丰都县对捕获的活体鼠形动物195只;开县对捕获的活体鼠形动物188只,全部进行了鼠疫F1抗体血清检测,结果均为阴性。结论丰都县、开县虽从未发生鼠疫,也不是鼠疫疫源地,但动物鼠疫流行病学调查显示,当地的自然生态、啮齿类动物和媒介蚤类构成和分布广泛,对这些地区的鼠疫监测是一项长期的工作。

Epidemiological investigation of plague in Fengdou and Kai county of Chongqing

Objective To carry out epidemiological investigation on plague among animals,and understand the main host animals and population constitute and quantity distribution of flea in Sanxia.Method Using cage-trap method to capture rodents,identified the rodents and flea.Calculated the flea infected rate and flea index,plague F1 antibody was detected by IHA.Results ①Host animal investigation,195 rat-like animals were captured in Fengdu,rat density was 5.13,among them,there were 71 rodents,belonged to 7 species 4 genus1 family and 124 insectivora were caught,which belonged to 1 species 1 genera 1 families.193 rat-like animals were captured in Kai county,the density of rodents was 3.56,among them,161 rodents and 32 insectivora were caught,which belonged to 6 species 4 genera 1 families and 1 species 1 genera 1 families,respectively.②Rat body fleas index.339 fleas were caught in Fengdu county,the flea infected rate was 39.4%,the total flea index was 1.74,there were 4 species fleas belonged to 4 genera 4 families.107 fleas were caught in Kai County,the flea infected rate was 15.03%,flea index was 0.55,belonged to 3 species 3 genera 3 families.③The ground free fleas index.3 000 papers were placed in both Fengdu and Kai county,no fleas were captured in Fengdu,and 6 fleas were captured in Kai county,flea index was 0.002.④Plague serological examination.In Fengdu and Kai county,no F1 antibody was detected out.Conclusions There was no plague epidemic in Fengdou and Kai county,they were not plague focus too,but the investigation of geographical landscape,construction and widespread of host animals,media insects showed that plague monitoring is a long time work.