罗比卡因与布比卡因腰麻在异体肾移植术中的比较研究

目的比较罗比卡因(Ropivacaine)与布比卡因(Bupivacaine)在异体肾移植术中应用的腰麻效果及探讨其安全性。方法50例行异体肾移植术患者,随机分为罗比卡因(R)组与布比卡因(B)组进行腰麻,每组各25例。观察两组患者麻醉后5、10、15、25、30min的血压、心率和脉搏血氧饱和度的变化;测定两组患者感觉阻滞起效时间、平面固定时间、感觉阻滞维持时间及最高平面。按Bromage分级,记录运动阻滞达到Bromage1、2、3级的时间和观察术后低血压、心率下降、恶心、呕吐和头痛等不良反应。结果R组感觉阻滞起效时间较B组慢(P<0.05),R组运动阻滞起效时间较B组慢(P<0.05),两组感觉阻滞维持时间无显著性差异(P>0.05)。两组头痛的发生率无明显差异(P>0.05),B组的血压下降、心率减慢及恶心、呕吐的发生率较R组高(P<0.05)。结论在异体肾移植术中,与布比卡因腰麻比较,罗比卡因腰麻效果较好,操作简便且副作用少,增加了麻醉的安全性,临床上值得推广应用。

The Comparison Study of Spinal Ropivocaine with Bupivocaine Anesthesia in Renal Transplantation

Objective To observe the efficacy and safety of spinal Ropivocaine with Bupivocaine anesthesia in renal transplantation.Methods 50 patients,ASA 2-3 scores,undergoing renal transplantation were randomly divided into Bupivocaine (B)group and Ropivocaine (R)group,each group had 25 patients who accepted spinal anesthesia.HR and BP were recorded within 30 minutes after spinal induction.Anesthesia efficacy and the side effects were observed at the same time.Results The efficacy in Group R was significantly better than that of Group B,the drop of BP and HR in Group B was much higher than Group R.With comparison,the onset rate of vomiting and nausea was significantly lower than that of Group B,P<0.05.BP and HR in Group R had a minor change than those of Group B,P< 0.05.Conclusions Spinal Ropivocaine anesthesia was more efficient and safer than Bupivocaine in renal transplantation.