医护人员乙型肝炎病毒感染现况调查及防护

目的：分析医务人员乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）感染的流行病学特点，探讨有效的控制策略。方法：对448名临床医务人员和256名非临床人员进行HBV血清流行病学调查。结果：内、外科医务人员HBV感染率分别为82．8％和87．7％，高于非临床人员的73．4％（P〈0．05）；护士组HBV感染率高于医生组（P〈0．05），其中外科护士HBV感染率为90．5％，远高于外科医生的80．0％（P〈0．05）。结论：综合性医院乙型肝炎（乙肝）的防治对象是一线临床医务人员，且重点为外科护士，控制策略为三级预防。

Prevalence survey and protection of hepatitis B virus infection in medical staffs

Objective:To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of hepatitis B virus(HBV) infection in medical staffs,so as to study the effective measures to control the HBV infection.Methods:The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELIA) was applied to examine the serous samples from 448 medical staffs and 256 non-medical staffs.Results:The infection rate of HBV in the medical department group and the surgical group was 82.8% and 87.7% respectively and higher than 73.4% in the non-medical staff group(P<0.05).The infection rate of HBV in the nurse group was higher than that in the doctor group(P<0.05),in which the infection rate in the surgical nurses was 90.5%,and significantly higher than 80.0% in the surgeons(P<0.05).Conclusion:The medical staffs should be protected from the HBV infection in general hospital,in which the protection of surgical nurses is emphatical.Comprehensive prevention is the effective measure to control the HBV infection.