不同品系小鼠的体外受精、胚胎冷冻及移植的比较研究

目的　探讨不同品系小鼠的体外受精、胚胎和精子的低温保存效果。方法　本实验分别在中国科学院上海实验动物中心 (SLAC)和日本熊本大学动物资源开发中心 (CARD)对 13个品系小鼠 (C57BL 6J、BALB c、C3H HeJ、ICR、KM、FVB、MRL、NOD、CBA、DBA 2、CD 1、BDF1、B6C3F1)的体外受精 (IVF)率、胚胎培养及移植成绩进行了比较研究。结果　各品系小鼠新鲜精子的IVF率 15 1%～ 87 9% ,冻融精子的IVF率 8%～ 80 % ;冷冻胚胎的复苏率4 2 6 %～ 83 9% ;冻融胚胎移植后的产仔率在 17 8%～ 5 1 8%。结论　遗传背景不同的小鼠体外受精率、冷冻胚胎复苏率和胚胎移植的产仔率差异有显著性。但同一品系两个实验室间的新鲜精子的IVF率、冷冻胚胎的复苏率及移植产仔率差异无显著性 (P >0 0 5 ) ;冻融精子的体外受精率CARD明显高于SLAC(P <0 0 1)。

Studies on the in vitro Fertilization, Embryo Cryopreservation and Embryo Transfer in Various Mouse Strains

Objective To discuss the effect of in vitro fertilization (IVF), embryos and sperm cryopreservation in various mouse strains. Methods IVF was performed in 13 mouse strains(C 57 BL/6J,BALB/c,C3H/HeJ,ICR,KM,FVB,MRL,NOD,CBA,DBA/2,CD-1,BDF1,B6C3F1) in two laboratories of CARD and SLAC to compare the IVF, embryos thawed and embryos transfer. Results The fertility rates of fresh spermatozoa by in vitro were from 15.1% to 87.9%, and frozen sperm were about 8%-80%, the thawed rates of frozen embryos were from 42.6% to 83.9%, and 17.8% to 51.8% offspring were procreated after morphological normal 2-cell embryos were transferred to the oviducts of pseudopregnant recipient in all strains. Conclusion These results suggested that there were distinct differences in the rate of fertilization, thawed and transfer in different genetic background. But no significant differences(P>0.05) were found in each strain in CARD versus SLAC in spite of the high fertility rates(P<0.01) of frozen sperm in the former.