ICU患者医院感染微生物学调查

为了解宣武医院重症监护病房 (ICU)患者医院感染的部位及病原微生物构成情况 ,采用前瞻性调查方法 ,对 2 0 0 0年 4月至 2 0 0 1年 3月ICU住院患者进行实时监测。 1年中 5个ICU共收治住院患者 1 91 8例 ,发生医院感染 2 67例次 ,医院感染例次率 1 3 .92 %。医院感染率居前 3位的部位依次为下呼吸道 (3 9.70 % )、胃肠道 (2 9.96% )和泌尿道 (1 5 .73 % )。医院感染构成比居前 3位的病原微生物依次为真菌 (3 7.98% )、金黄色葡萄球菌 (2 4.0 5 % )和大肠埃希菌 (1 0 .1 3 % )。提示 :真菌及金黄色葡萄球菌已成为重症监护病房患者医院感染的主要病原微生物。

Microorganic Investigation of Nosocomial Infection in ICU Patients

Prospective study in all the patients admitted to the ICUs between April 2000 and March 2001 by daily concurrent surveillance aimed at analyzing the ICU-acquired nosocomial infections by infection site and etiologic pathogens distribution. A total of 1 918 patients in 5 ICUs were documented of whom 267 ICU-acquired infections were documented (13.92%). The main types of ICU-acquired infections were lower respiratory infections (39.70%), digestive tract infections (29.96%), and urinary tract infections (15.73%). The most frequently reported microorganisms were fungi (37.98%), Staphylococcus aureus (24.05%), and Escherichia coli (10.13%). Fungi and Staphylococcus aureus are the dominant etiologic pathogens of the ICU-acquired nosocomial infections.