肝细胞癌免疫治疗的研究进展

肝细胞癌(HCC)是世界上癌症相关死亡的第二大原因,在过去10年中,HCC的发病率呈现着显著增加趋势。手术切除、肝移植或射频消融等根治性治疗仅适用于不到30%的病例。索拉非尼是晚期HCC患者一线治疗药物,但伴随着高频率的不良事件的发生,总生存率未见明显提高。而近年来随着对肝脏组织免疫微环境的研究深入,免疫疗法正在成为全球晚期HCC治疗的新标准。与酪氨酸激酶抑制剂(TKIs)相比,具有更高的客观反应率和更少的副作用,免疫治疗剂可能会从标准的一线治疗中取代索拉非尼。笔者就肝细胞癌的免疫治疗研究现状及进展进行综述。

Research progress in immunotherapy of hepatocellular carcinoma

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the world. The incidence of HCC has increased significantly over the past decade. Radical treatments such as surgical resection, liver transplantation or radiofrequency ablation are only suitable for less than 30% of cases. Solafenib is the first-line therapy for patients with advanced HCC, but the overall survival rate has not improved significantly and there is also the occurrence of high-frequency adverse events. In recent years, with the deep research in the immune microenvironment of liver tissue, immunotherapy is becoming a new standard for advanced HCC globally. Compared to tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), immunotherapeutic agents, with higher objective response rates and fewer side effects, may replace sorafenib from standard first-line treatments. The author reviews the current status and progress of immunotherapy for HCC.