剪切力对椎间盘退行性变的影响及其作用机制

椎间盘退行性变（退变）在临床诊疗中十分常见。据统计,60岁以上人群椎间盘退变的发生率高达90%以上,严重影响患者的生活和工作,给社会带来了巨大的经济负担。影响椎间盘退变的因素包括年龄、遗传、代谢物质的交换、创伤、生物力学等,其中生物力学因素（压力、牵张力、剪切力、扭转力）是重要的原因之一。而不同的作用力以及作用力大小、频率、作用时间等对椎间盘退变的影响也各不相同。该文主要总结了剪切力与椎间盘退变的相关前沿研究,旨在分析剪切力对椎间盘各个组成部分退变的影响和作用机制,为进一步阐明椎间盘退变的发生机制奠定基础,为临床诊疗和康复保健提供参考。

The effect of shear stress on intervertebral disc degeneration and its mechanism

Intervertebral disc degeneration （IDD） is a common disease in clinical practice. According to statistics, the incidence of IDD exceeds 90% in the population aged > 60 years old, which severely affect the patients’ normal life and work and bring huge economic burden to the society. Age, genetics, transport of metabolites, trauma and biomechanics are the influencing factors of IDD. Among which, biomechanical factors （pressure, tension, shear force and torsion force） are the important factors affecting IDD. Different force, magnitude and frequency of force and duration of force exert different effects on IDD. In this article, relevant researches on shear force and IDD were briefly summarized, aiming to investigate the effect and mechanism of shear force on the degeneration of intervertebral disc components. The study lays important foundation for further elucidating the pathogenesis of IDD and provides reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment.