重症监护病房肺炎克雷伯菌医院感染暴发调查及控制

目的]对医院重病监护病房发生肺炎克雷伯菌感染的暴发进行调查,查明感染的原因、危险因素,为控制医院感染提供依据和对策。方法]对重症监护病房4例患者在2009年3月22日~4月16日期问发生下呼吸道肺炎克雷伯菌感染进行流行病学分析。结果]发现由于ICU内的气管切开病人,在进行开放式吸痰时,因咳嗽反射强烈,痰液从气管套管口向外喷溅,直接污染环境,医务人员操作时未严格执行手卫生和无菌操作,最终导致了医院感染的暴发。危险因素为患者气管切开或气管插管,全身情况差,其次是ICU病床布置,以及医务人员手卫生和无菌操作顺序。患者痰标本培养均为肺炎克雷伯菌,药敏谱高度相似性,推测为同源菌株。结论]肺炎克雷伯菌是引起重症监护医院感染的重要致病菌之一,注意保持感染患者周围清洁的环境,严格执行无菌技术操作,加强医务人员的手卫生意识等措施能达到控制呼吸道医院感染暴发流行的目的。

INVESTIGATION AND CONTROL ON OUTBREAK OF KLEBSIELLA PNEUMONIAE INFECTION IN INTENSIVE CARE UNIT

Objective]To investigate the outbreak infection of Klebsiella pneumoniae in ICU and find out the reason and risk factors,to provide the basis and the countermeasure for controlling the hospital infection.Methods]4 inpatients who developed Klebsiella pneumoniae nosocomial infection in ICU from March 22 to Arial 16,2009 were studied retrospectively to find out the reasons of the epidemic and treatments based on the sputum culture results.Results]The outbreak infection source was patients with tracheotomy i...