广西南北两地水源水和饮用水中微囊藻毒素-LR含量调查

目的比较广西北回归线两侧的南宁地区和桂林地区水源水和饮用水中微囊藻毒素-LR(microcystin-LR,MC-LR)含量差异。方法于2017年采集南宁地区和桂林地区主要水源水及饮用水水样,采用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)检测水中MC-LR的含量。结果南宁地区与桂林地区水源水和饮用水中MC-LR平均含量均未超过我国地表水环境质量标准、饮用水卫生标准限值1μg/L。南北两地水库水中MC-LR平均含量均高于江河水、井水和山泉水(P<0.05)。南宁地区不同类型水源水MC-LR含量与桂林地区相比,水库水MC-LR平均含量较高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。南北两地分散式供水末梢水中MC-LR平均含量均高于农村和城市集中式供水(P<0.05)。南宁地区的水源水和出厂水MC-LR平均含量分别为(0.256±0.048)、(0.210±0.025)μg/L,两者差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。南宁地区水源水MC-LR含量在10月份达到峰值。结论广西南北两地水源水和饮用水中MC-LR含量均未超过国标中所规定的标准限值,南北两地水库水MC-LR含量存在明显差异,分散式供水MC-LR含量高于集中式供水。南宁地区水源水MC-LR平均含量高于出厂水,且在10月份达到峰值。提示需加强水源水和饮用水水质日常监测,秋季严格控制自来水处理工艺,以保证水质安全。

Study on the microcystin-LR contamination in source water and drinking water in southern and northern of Guangxi

Objective To compare the difference between the amount of microcystin-LR(MC-LR)in source water and drinking water in Nanning area and Guilin area,which represnt the the south and north sides of Tropic of Cancer in Guangxi respectively.Methods The sample of source water and drinking water were collected in Nanning area and Guilin area in 2017.The level of MC-LR in water was assayed by enzymelinked immune-sorbent assay(ELISA).Results Neither of the level of MC-LR in source water and drinking water in Nanning area nor Guilin area exceed the environmental quality standard of surface water,as the sanitary drinking water standard limit at 1μg/L.The average amount of MC-LR in both northern and southern water reservoirs was higher than that of river water,well water,and mountain spring water(P<0.05).The amount of MC-LR in different types of source water in Nanning area was higher than Guilin area,and reservoir water had higher amount of MC-LR,which was statistically significant(P<0.05).The average MC-LR level in the decentralized water supply in both northern and southern areas was higher than the rural and urban centralized water supply(P<0.05).The average MC-LR level of source water and finished water in Nanning area were(0.256±0.048)and(0.210±0.025)μg/L,which was statistically significant between these two(P<0.05).The amount of MC-LR in source water in Nanning area reached its peak in October.Conclusion The level of MC-LR in source water and drinking water in both northern and southern Guangxi did not exceed the national standard level.There was an obvious difference of MC-LR level in reservoir water between northern and southern areas.The MC-LR level in decentralized water supply was higher than centralized water supply,and it reached to the peak in October.It is necessary to strengthen the daily monitoring of source water and drinking water,control the conventional water treatment process strictly in the autumn,thus,the safety of water supply can be ensured.