75%VO_2max强度有氧运动对红细胞微观形态及流变学特性的影响

目的:通过重复性实验观察75 %VO2 max强度有氧运动对人体红细胞形态、粘度、聚集性和变形能力的影响。方法:正式实验前1周测定受试者的最大摄氧量。受试者间隔1周以75 %VO2 max强度完成1次蹬功率自行车运动1小时,每次运动前安静时和运动后即刻采静脉血测定全血粘度(高、中、低切)、血浆粘度(PV)、红细胞压积(Hct)、红细胞变形指数(TK)、聚集指数(RCA)和刚性指数(VR) ,扫描电镜(SEM)下观察红细胞微观形态变化。结果:3次实验均表明,75 %VO2 max强度运动可以使全血粘度各切变率、红细胞压积、变形指数、聚集指数和刚性指数显著增高;红细胞形态由双凹圆盘状变为单侧凹陷边缘肿胀的Ⅰ型口形红细胞或凹陷加深另一侧隆起似礼帽状的Ⅱ型口形红细胞。结论:1小时75 %VO2 max强度有氧运动后红细胞粘度、聚集性增大,压积升高,红细胞失去正常形态,变形能力下降,从而影响其正常的携带氧气和二氧化碳的功能。

Effects of Exercise with the Intensity of 75%VO2max on the Micro-morphology and Function of Erythrocyte

Objective To observe the effects of exercise with the intensity of 75%VO 2max on the morphology of erythrocyte ,red cell deformability and red cell aggregation. Methods Blood viscosity (BVH,BVM,BVL),plasma viscidity (PV),hematocrit (Hct),red cell deformability (TK),red cell aggregation (RCA) ,viscosity rigidity(VR) were determined with intravenous blood, and the erythrocyte modality was observed with SEM, at rest and after 1 hour of 75%VO 2max intensity exercise on a cycle ergometer for three times, respectively. Results Hct, TK ,VR and RCA increased significantly and the modality of erythrocyte changed from normal to an abnormal shape, which showed a hat with one side sunken meanwhile another side heaved or one edge tumefied. PV nearly had no changes. Conclusion Exercise with 75%VO 2max intensity might enhance the red cell aggregation and Hct, while erythrocytes lost their regular configuration which might cause their transfiguration capacity decreased.