临床实验室室间质量评价不同计划的结果评价探讨与研究

在室间质量评价计划（能力验证）中，对各参评实验室回报结果的处理和评价是最为重要的环节之一，直接影响到室间质量评价计划的有效性，这也是室间质量评价组织者和参评单位最常出现争议的环节。室间质量评价计划（external quality assessment，EQA) 的结果和反馈报告应及时有效，应包括（但不限于）:定量、半定量和定性项目所有参评实验室结果的统计分析、总体和不同分组中离群值的判断与剔除、单样本和多样本以及单参数和多参数的结果和分布的评价、指定值的确定、标准差的确定、图形显示，以及在不同室间质量评价计划中多个样本和参数的整合信息等。室间质量评价计划结果的处理与评价方式一直在向着更加客观与合理的方向发展。

Discussion and Research on the Result Evaluation of External Quality Assessment Scheme for Clinical Laboratory

The work of handling data and evaluating results in external quality assessment (EQA) scheme is one of the most important parts, which will directly affect the performance of EQA scheme. The results of EQA scheme and participants’ feedback reports should be timely and effective. The contents of the results and reports should include: the performances of quantitative, semi-quantitative and qualitative analysis, the elimination of outliers, the distribution evaluations of results of one or multiple parameters and/or one or multiple samples，determining the assigned values; determining the standard deviation， graphical presentation for one or more parameters or samples，combining information from different parameters and/or samples, etc. Staff should always pursue more objective and accurate methods and procedures for handling EQA results.