三种波段电磁辐射对大鼠心脏组织形态的影响

目的 探讨3种不同波段电磁辐射X波段、S波段、电磁脉冲(EMP)]对大鼠心脏损伤的病理学改变及损伤程度差异。方法 采用二级Wistar大鼠180只,应用电脑随机法分为对照组(36只)、EMP辐照组(48只)、S波段微波辐照组(48只)、X波段微波辐照组(48只)。分别于照后6 h、1、3、7、14、28 d、6和12个月活杀,切取大鼠心脏组织标本行组织学及组织化学观察。结果 与对照组比较3种波段辐照组大鼠心脏呈现不同程度损伤,变化规律相似,以6 h~7 d心脏损伤呈加重趋势,心肌纤维排列紊乱,糖原颗粒减少,核染色质浓缩,蒲肯野纤维溶解,间质水肿,心肌间有浆液渗出。14~28d后心脏呈修复恢复期。6~12个月心脏组织与对照组基本相似。比较同一时间点3种波段辐照组X波段辐照心脏损伤最重、S波段次之、EMP组最轻。正常对照组心脏组织结构基本正常。结论 3种不同波段的电磁辐射均会造成不同程度的心脏损伤,X波段>S波段>EMP,提示波长越短、频率越高致心脏损伤越重,且恢复时间越长。

Effects on rat hearts induced by three kinds of band electromagnetic radiation

Objective To investigate the effects on rat hearts induced by three kinds of band electromagnetic radiation (X-band, S-band and Electromagnetic pulse (EMP))and the differences of injury grade.Methods 180 healthy male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups:control group (n=36) and three experimental groups(n=48) treated with X-band,S-band high power microwave and EMP, respectively. At different time-points (6 hours,1, 3, 7, 14, 28 days,6 months and 12 months) after irradiation, the rats were killed and the pathological changes of the heart tissues were observed.Results The rat hearts of three experimental groups were differently injured,but the change character was similar.The injury was more and more serious at 6 hours -7 days:deranged cardiomyofilaments,decreased glycogen,Pyknosis;lysed Purkinje cells;swelling matrix and serous exudates.The injured hearts showed convalesecence at 14-28 days,and returned to normal progressively at 6-12 months.Compared with the injured hearts irradiated by the three different band wave electromagnetic at the same time:the hearts were injured most seriously irradiated by X-band high power microwave(HPM), and slighter for those by S-band HPM,most slightest for those by EMP.Those in control group were normal.Conclusion Three kinds of band wave electromagnetic radiation injure the rat hearts differently. The injury grades are X>S>EMP. The research indicates that the shorter wave length or higher frequency make rat hearts injure more seriously, and need the longer time to resume.